PHIL 201 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE, ALREADY
GRADED A+.
According to Shafer-Landau, moral reasoning can fail in two kinds of ways:
-The logic is flawed or the premises are implausible
A valid argument can have a false conclusion, and an invalid argument can have a true conclusion
True
According to Shafer-Landau, psychological egosim is the view that...
Human beings can only be motivated by self interest
According to Feinberg, and analytic statement is...
A statement whose truth is determined solely by the meaning of the words used in the statement (i.e.,
true by definition)
The "default position" that the 18-23-year-old participants gave regarding morality, as Brooks
describes the results of the study, was that moral choices are simply a matter of reading the bible
False
One of the implications of cultural relativism, according to Shafer-Landau, is
-That cultural moral views can never be mistaken
-That all cultural moral views are morally equivalent (neither better nor worse than each other)
-That moral progress is an illusion (changes in a culture's moral practices can never count as moral
improvement)
According to Divine Command Theory...
An act is morally required just because God commands it
William Lane Craig argues that God doesn't need to exist for their to be objective and moral truths
False
To say that loving relationships are intrinsically valuable is to say that they are valuable because...
They are worth pursuing for their own sake
According to the Argument from Autonomy, one implication of hedonism is that autonomy
contributes to a good life only insofar as it makes us happy
True
Psychological prediction
What you think you would do in this or that situation
Normative assessment
, What you think you should do in this or that situation, by your own lights
Areas of philosophy
Metaphysics, epistemology, ethics
Metaphysics
Basic nature of reality
Epistemology
Nature of knowledge
Ethics
What should we do (and not do)
Logic
What distinguishes good reasoning from bad?
Parts of ethics
Value theory, normative ethics (applied ethics), metaethics
Arguments
Any chain of thought in which premises are offered in support of a particular conclusion
A series of statements
Premise
A definite proposition
Conclusion
Logic r/t arguments
Concerns the support relationship among statements - do the statements logically support the
conclusion?
Validity
When the conclusion cannot be false when we assume that all of the premises are true
Invalid
The conclusion can still be false even when we assume that all of the premises are true
Three-part test for validity
-Identify premises
-Imagine that they are all true
-Ask yourself: can the conclusion be false while assuming that the premises are true?
GRADED A+.
According to Shafer-Landau, moral reasoning can fail in two kinds of ways:
-The logic is flawed or the premises are implausible
A valid argument can have a false conclusion, and an invalid argument can have a true conclusion
True
According to Shafer-Landau, psychological egosim is the view that...
Human beings can only be motivated by self interest
According to Feinberg, and analytic statement is...
A statement whose truth is determined solely by the meaning of the words used in the statement (i.e.,
true by definition)
The "default position" that the 18-23-year-old participants gave regarding morality, as Brooks
describes the results of the study, was that moral choices are simply a matter of reading the bible
False
One of the implications of cultural relativism, according to Shafer-Landau, is
-That cultural moral views can never be mistaken
-That all cultural moral views are morally equivalent (neither better nor worse than each other)
-That moral progress is an illusion (changes in a culture's moral practices can never count as moral
improvement)
According to Divine Command Theory...
An act is morally required just because God commands it
William Lane Craig argues that God doesn't need to exist for their to be objective and moral truths
False
To say that loving relationships are intrinsically valuable is to say that they are valuable because...
They are worth pursuing for their own sake
According to the Argument from Autonomy, one implication of hedonism is that autonomy
contributes to a good life only insofar as it makes us happy
True
Psychological prediction
What you think you would do in this or that situation
Normative assessment
, What you think you should do in this or that situation, by your own lights
Areas of philosophy
Metaphysics, epistemology, ethics
Metaphysics
Basic nature of reality
Epistemology
Nature of knowledge
Ethics
What should we do (and not do)
Logic
What distinguishes good reasoning from bad?
Parts of ethics
Value theory, normative ethics (applied ethics), metaethics
Arguments
Any chain of thought in which premises are offered in support of a particular conclusion
A series of statements
Premise
A definite proposition
Conclusion
Logic r/t arguments
Concerns the support relationship among statements - do the statements logically support the
conclusion?
Validity
When the conclusion cannot be false when we assume that all of the premises are true
Invalid
The conclusion can still be false even when we assume that all of the premises are true
Three-part test for validity
-Identify premises
-Imagine that they are all true
-Ask yourself: can the conclusion be false while assuming that the premises are true?
