HIUS 221, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE, ALREADY
GRADED A+
Filibusters
-A private army of American volunteers financed by Louisiana businessmen invaded Texas.
-Reinforced by Tejano rebels against Spain, the force seized San Antonio, and its leaders proclaimed
Texas an independent country.
Stephen F. Austin
-renegotiated with the new Mexican government after his father Moses died in order to lead 300
families (The Old 300) to his colony, San Felipe de Austin
Law of April 6, 1830
-Immigration to Texas was ended.
-Tariffs were enacted on trade.
-Military garrisons were installed to enforce these restrictions.
Santa Anna
-emerged as the leader of the opposition to the general then in power
-engineered his "election" as President in 1833, then seized power as a dictator
-In early 1834, Austin traveled to Mexico City to present a petition to Santa Anna's government and was
thrown in prison for 18 months
-general of Mexican forces
Sam Houston
-served in War of 1812
-Jackson's protege
-elected as governor of TN in 1827
-when his wife left him, he went to live w/ the Cherokee
-practiced law in Nacogdoches and got involved in politics
-served as commander-in-chief of Texan forces
The Alamo
-an American fort that was 90 miles away from the Texan settlements - in "enemy country", about three
acres and required at least 500 men to mount an effective defense, & had low & thin walls
-attacked by Mexican forces resulting in the Battle of the Alamo in which the Americans were defeated
Battle of San Jacinto
-April 21, 1836
-Texans wiped out a Mexican army of 800 troops and captured Santa Anna himself
Manifest Destiny
, the ideology of expansionism or the belief that it was the nation's God-given right to expand according
to its needs
James K Polk
-called for American expansion westward
-won only by a narrow margin
-interpreted his victory over Whig Henry Clay as an endorsement of his expansionist position
-defended American expansion as a means of creating and preserving a more powerful Union
Oregon Country
-Britain and the US jointly occupied Oregon Country beginning in 1818.
-Oregon's population of British, French, Native American, and Hawaiian trappers and entrepreneurs
frequently formed mixed-race families until the 1840's.
-When "Oregon fever" swept thousands of white Americans into the Willamette Valley, the new settlers
adopted polices that excluded non-white emigrants.
-The Oregon Treaty of 1846 established the border between Canada and the U.S. at the forty-ninth
parallel, despite President Polk's 1844 campaign slogan, "Fifty-four Forty, or Fight!"
-Oregon became a state in 1859.
Nueces Strip
-Mexican officials cut diplomatic relations with the US and declared the Mexico-Texas border to be the
Nueces River in defiance of the Texan-American claim that the Rio Grande marked the southern border
of Texas
Mexican-American War
-Another small American force marched along the Santa Fe Trail from Missouri, eventually making its
way to California, where it aided Hispanic and American rebels who had thrown off Mexican authority.
-Mexican guerrillas and the Texas Rangers, who were invaluable as scouts, waged an ugly guerrilla war,
marked by atrocities on both sides.
Zachary Taylor
-American general during the Mexican-American War who established a military presence with an army
of 3,500 troops in July 1845
-his army invaded northern Mexico, took Monterey, and defeated Santa Anna's army at the battle of
Buena Vista (2/23/1847), despite being outnumbered three-to-one
Winfield Scott
-seized Mexico City on September 14, 1847
-After bombarding Veracruz into surrender, his army drove inland toward Mexico City
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo
-Mexican resistance collapsed after Scott captured Mexico City.
-No negotiations took place, however, because Santa Anna fled the country and no Mexican officials
wished to negotiate with the United States.
GRADED A+
Filibusters
-A private army of American volunteers financed by Louisiana businessmen invaded Texas.
-Reinforced by Tejano rebels against Spain, the force seized San Antonio, and its leaders proclaimed
Texas an independent country.
Stephen F. Austin
-renegotiated with the new Mexican government after his father Moses died in order to lead 300
families (The Old 300) to his colony, San Felipe de Austin
Law of April 6, 1830
-Immigration to Texas was ended.
-Tariffs were enacted on trade.
-Military garrisons were installed to enforce these restrictions.
Santa Anna
-emerged as the leader of the opposition to the general then in power
-engineered his "election" as President in 1833, then seized power as a dictator
-In early 1834, Austin traveled to Mexico City to present a petition to Santa Anna's government and was
thrown in prison for 18 months
-general of Mexican forces
Sam Houston
-served in War of 1812
-Jackson's protege
-elected as governor of TN in 1827
-when his wife left him, he went to live w/ the Cherokee
-practiced law in Nacogdoches and got involved in politics
-served as commander-in-chief of Texan forces
The Alamo
-an American fort that was 90 miles away from the Texan settlements - in "enemy country", about three
acres and required at least 500 men to mount an effective defense, & had low & thin walls
-attacked by Mexican forces resulting in the Battle of the Alamo in which the Americans were defeated
Battle of San Jacinto
-April 21, 1836
-Texans wiped out a Mexican army of 800 troops and captured Santa Anna himself
Manifest Destiny
, the ideology of expansionism or the belief that it was the nation's God-given right to expand according
to its needs
James K Polk
-called for American expansion westward
-won only by a narrow margin
-interpreted his victory over Whig Henry Clay as an endorsement of his expansionist position
-defended American expansion as a means of creating and preserving a more powerful Union
Oregon Country
-Britain and the US jointly occupied Oregon Country beginning in 1818.
-Oregon's population of British, French, Native American, and Hawaiian trappers and entrepreneurs
frequently formed mixed-race families until the 1840's.
-When "Oregon fever" swept thousands of white Americans into the Willamette Valley, the new settlers
adopted polices that excluded non-white emigrants.
-The Oregon Treaty of 1846 established the border between Canada and the U.S. at the forty-ninth
parallel, despite President Polk's 1844 campaign slogan, "Fifty-four Forty, or Fight!"
-Oregon became a state in 1859.
Nueces Strip
-Mexican officials cut diplomatic relations with the US and declared the Mexico-Texas border to be the
Nueces River in defiance of the Texan-American claim that the Rio Grande marked the southern border
of Texas
Mexican-American War
-Another small American force marched along the Santa Fe Trail from Missouri, eventually making its
way to California, where it aided Hispanic and American rebels who had thrown off Mexican authority.
-Mexican guerrillas and the Texas Rangers, who were invaluable as scouts, waged an ugly guerrilla war,
marked by atrocities on both sides.
Zachary Taylor
-American general during the Mexican-American War who established a military presence with an army
of 3,500 troops in July 1845
-his army invaded northern Mexico, took Monterey, and defeated Santa Anna's army at the battle of
Buena Vista (2/23/1847), despite being outnumbered three-to-one
Winfield Scott
-seized Mexico City on September 14, 1847
-After bombarding Veracruz into surrender, his army drove inland toward Mexico City
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo
-Mexican resistance collapsed after Scott captured Mexico City.
-No negotiations took place, however, because Santa Anna fled the country and no Mexican officials
wished to negotiate with the United States.
