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Jurisprudence
the science and philosophy of law that defines various approaches to the appropriate function of law
and how legal doctrines should be developed and applied
Black's Law Dictionary
the leading legal dictionary
Counsel
another name for attorney
Constitutional Law
the body of law interpreting state and federal constitutions
Statutory Law
the body of law created by the legislature and approved by the executive branch of state and federal
government
Common Law
law that has not been passed by the legislature but rather is made by the courts and is based on the
fundamentals of previous cases with similar facts
Administrative Law
refers to both the law made by administrative agencies and the laws and regulations that govern the
creation, organization, and operation of administrative agencies
Ordinances
local statutes passed by federal legislatures
Plain meaning rule
the principle that if the words in a statute have clear and widely understood meanings, that court
applies the statute; used as the initial guideline in statutory interpretation to determine how a rule
should be applied
Statutory scheme
the structure of a statute and the format of its mandates
Legislative history
the records kept by the legislature, including the debates, committee and conference reports, and
legislative findings of fact used when creating a law, which can be used to show the legislature's intent
, Citation
the special format used by the legal community to express where a statute of case law can be found
Doctrine of state decisis
the principle that similar cases with similar facts under similar circumstances should have similar
outcomes
Precedent
applying the law made in previous appellate court opinions to current cases with similar facts; binding
on the trial courts
Secondary sources
sources of law that have no independent authority or legally binding effect but can be used to illustrate
a point or clarify a legal issue
Federal system
system in which a national government coexists with the government of each state
Preamble
the introductory part of the constitution that states its broad objectives
Articles
the main provisions of the constitution that set out the government's structure, power, and procedures
Amendments
changes made to the constitutions since its ratification
Legislative branch
established under Article I of the constitution and consists of the house of representatives and the
senate
Executive branch
established under Article II of the constitution and consists of the president and vice president
Judicial branch
established under Article III of the constitution and consists of the supreme court and other federal
courts
Bill of Rights
the first 10 amendments....
Enumerated powers