NRNP 6645 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATED VERSION, ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the similarities and differences among psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and
brief dynamic therapy? Which one is also an EST?
Psychoanalysis-This is the word Freud used to describe his specific approach to counseling and
psychotherapy. Ex: "The psychiatrist treats the clients in his private practice using traditional Freudian
psychoanalysis."
Psychodynamic psychotherapy-This is a broader term. It refers to therapies that are related in some way
to Freud's, but are not classic, traditional psychoanalysis. Some of them are referred to in your book -
e.g., object relations, ego psychology, Jungian psychotherapy.
Brief dynamic or brief psychodynamic psychotherapy-This term refers to more recent approaches that
again, are related to Freud's ideas in some way, but they do not embrace all of his ideas. There are many
different approaches that fall in this category (e.g., some therapies based on attachment theory, object
relations, more). They are united by the fact that they are treatments designed to take about 6 months
or less. Some of these approaches have been "manualized" and have research support as empirically
supported treatments for specific disorders (e.g., depression).
What is the relationship between conflict and anxiety for Freud? How do we cope with anxiety? Can
we eliminate it?
Are unconsious feelings/conflict cause our anxiety. We are always anxious. We cope with it but figuring
out the unconsious. We can't eliminate it.
How are defense mechanisms helpful? Give an example. When do they become problematic? Give an
example. What is sublimation, and why would be considered a more "advanced" defense mechanism?
Defense mechanisms are behaviors people use to separate themselves from unpleasant events, actions,
or thoughts. They become problematic when they are in denial/project on to themselves or other
people. Sumbliminationis taking unexpecte drives and turning it into socially acceptable ways. They
wouldn't be aware that they are doing it.
What does the iceberg mode of conscious/unconscious mean?
We only see the tip of ther iceburg (consious). There is a lot more underlying that we don't see
(unconsious).
What are drives, and how do they influence are behavior? Are we aware of it? Why/why not?
Drives are pleasures/pain/ sex/ agression. We are not aware of it.
Define fixations. How could they display themselves in adults? How do oral & anal fixations relate to
specific problems or mental disorders?
, Fixations are persistence of anachronistic sexual traits. If a person had a problem with breast feeding
(oral) they will have oral fixation. People will be agressive, smoke, guliable. People who had issues potty
training (anal) hold in their emotions (tentstive). OR let it all out too much. (Jay). People who have
abnormal family (Phallic) will be vain and self-obssesed.
Define id, ego, and superego. Which should be strongest? What might happen in a client with a
dominant id? Dominant superego?
ID- I want that right now. Basic impulses. Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain. Unconsious. With a
dominant id a person might have alcholoism/ gambler/ relationship problem,or depressed.
Ego-aware of consequences. consious.
Super ego- Right vs wrong. Unconsious. Dominant superego will have guilt, OCD, afraid of doing
something wrong.
What are specific strategies a psychoanalyst would use to encourage transference, and how are they
supposed to work? What is countertransference, and how could it be used by the therapist?
Transference is project irrational feelings and attitudes from the past on to people in the present. When
they analyize it, it allows the client to acheive influence of the past. Countertransference is unconsious
attitudes that a therapist develops towards a client in response to clients behavior.
How can dream analysis (and other techniques) be both an assessment and an intervention? What
takes it from being one to the other, and how?
Assesment is what the problem is and intervention is the interpretaion of the dream.
What is an interpretation? What is it supposed to lead to? Give multiple examples other than the ones
provided.
Interpretation is when the analyst provides a new explanation to the client about an experience,
behavior, or issue. It often connects the past and present and is designed to promote insight.
ex:I wonder if your difficulty trusting men today is related to your father abusing you when you were a
small child
What is the relationship between therapy goals and conceptualization?
Conceptualization is the theory base cause of clients and problem. The goals are determined by what
the problem is what the cause is.
Why would a psychoanalyst say that he/she can't just ask clients what their problem is and/or what
caused it?
They wouldn't know what their problem is or what caused it because it is unconsious. They are not
aware of the true issue/what caused it.
What are some reasons psychoanalysis takes a long time?
-dig up unconcious feelings and then have to fix the problem
-interpretation does not happen over night
UPDATED VERSION, ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the similarities and differences among psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and
brief dynamic therapy? Which one is also an EST?
Psychoanalysis-This is the word Freud used to describe his specific approach to counseling and
psychotherapy. Ex: "The psychiatrist treats the clients in his private practice using traditional Freudian
psychoanalysis."
Psychodynamic psychotherapy-This is a broader term. It refers to therapies that are related in some way
to Freud's, but are not classic, traditional psychoanalysis. Some of them are referred to in your book -
e.g., object relations, ego psychology, Jungian psychotherapy.
Brief dynamic or brief psychodynamic psychotherapy-This term refers to more recent approaches that
again, are related to Freud's ideas in some way, but they do not embrace all of his ideas. There are many
different approaches that fall in this category (e.g., some therapies based on attachment theory, object
relations, more). They are united by the fact that they are treatments designed to take about 6 months
or less. Some of these approaches have been "manualized" and have research support as empirically
supported treatments for specific disorders (e.g., depression).
What is the relationship between conflict and anxiety for Freud? How do we cope with anxiety? Can
we eliminate it?
Are unconsious feelings/conflict cause our anxiety. We are always anxious. We cope with it but figuring
out the unconsious. We can't eliminate it.
How are defense mechanisms helpful? Give an example. When do they become problematic? Give an
example. What is sublimation, and why would be considered a more "advanced" defense mechanism?
Defense mechanisms are behaviors people use to separate themselves from unpleasant events, actions,
or thoughts. They become problematic when they are in denial/project on to themselves or other
people. Sumbliminationis taking unexpecte drives and turning it into socially acceptable ways. They
wouldn't be aware that they are doing it.
What does the iceberg mode of conscious/unconscious mean?
We only see the tip of ther iceburg (consious). There is a lot more underlying that we don't see
(unconsious).
What are drives, and how do they influence are behavior? Are we aware of it? Why/why not?
Drives are pleasures/pain/ sex/ agression. We are not aware of it.
Define fixations. How could they display themselves in adults? How do oral & anal fixations relate to
specific problems or mental disorders?
, Fixations are persistence of anachronistic sexual traits. If a person had a problem with breast feeding
(oral) they will have oral fixation. People will be agressive, smoke, guliable. People who had issues potty
training (anal) hold in their emotions (tentstive). OR let it all out too much. (Jay). People who have
abnormal family (Phallic) will be vain and self-obssesed.
Define id, ego, and superego. Which should be strongest? What might happen in a client with a
dominant id? Dominant superego?
ID- I want that right now. Basic impulses. Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain. Unconsious. With a
dominant id a person might have alcholoism/ gambler/ relationship problem,or depressed.
Ego-aware of consequences. consious.
Super ego- Right vs wrong. Unconsious. Dominant superego will have guilt, OCD, afraid of doing
something wrong.
What are specific strategies a psychoanalyst would use to encourage transference, and how are they
supposed to work? What is countertransference, and how could it be used by the therapist?
Transference is project irrational feelings and attitudes from the past on to people in the present. When
they analyize it, it allows the client to acheive influence of the past. Countertransference is unconsious
attitudes that a therapist develops towards a client in response to clients behavior.
How can dream analysis (and other techniques) be both an assessment and an intervention? What
takes it from being one to the other, and how?
Assesment is what the problem is and intervention is the interpretaion of the dream.
What is an interpretation? What is it supposed to lead to? Give multiple examples other than the ones
provided.
Interpretation is when the analyst provides a new explanation to the client about an experience,
behavior, or issue. It often connects the past and present and is designed to promote insight.
ex:I wonder if your difficulty trusting men today is related to your father abusing you when you were a
small child
What is the relationship between therapy goals and conceptualization?
Conceptualization is the theory base cause of clients and problem. The goals are determined by what
the problem is what the cause is.
Why would a psychoanalyst say that he/she can't just ask clients what their problem is and/or what
caused it?
They wouldn't know what their problem is or what caused it because it is unconsious. They are not
aware of the true issue/what caused it.
What are some reasons psychoanalysis takes a long time?
-dig up unconcious feelings and then have to fix the problem
-interpretation does not happen over night
