PED1003 PHARMACOLOGY LECTURE 14 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
LATEST UPDATE
Parkinson's disease is idiopathic, what does this mean?
The cause of the disease is unknown
What is Parkinsonism?
Disease with Parkinson-like symptoms without actually having the disease and with the
cause known
What causes parkinsonism?
Any condition (that isn't Parkinson's disease) with loss of DA transmission
What are the examples of what can cause parkinsonism?
Drugs, stroke, infection induced symptoms
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's?
Motor symptoms:
- Resting tremor
- muscle rigidity
- suppression of voluntary movements
What are the resting tremors caused by parkinsons aka?
shaking palsy
What's gone wrong in Parkinson's disease?
Loss/degeneration of dopamine (DA) cell bodies/terminals in the brain
, What is used to diagnose parkinson's disease?
PET images (DAT scan)
Where are the cell bodies of the DA neurones?
Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area
Where do the projections from the substantia nigra go to?
Striatum (nigro-striatal pathway)
Where do the two pathways of projections from the ventral tegmental area go to?
Frontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens
What are the 4 main dopamine pathways in the brain?
- Nigrostriatal
- Mesolimbic
- Mesocortical
- Tuberoinfundibular
What is the nigrostriatal pathway?
substantia nigra to striatum
What is the mesolimbic pathway?
Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens
What is the mesocortical pathway?
Ventral tengmental area to frontal cortex
What is the tuberoinfundibular pathway?
Arcuate nucleus to pituitary gland
Which pathway is effected in parkinson's?
nigrostriatal pathway
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
LATEST UPDATE
Parkinson's disease is idiopathic, what does this mean?
The cause of the disease is unknown
What is Parkinsonism?
Disease with Parkinson-like symptoms without actually having the disease and with the
cause known
What causes parkinsonism?
Any condition (that isn't Parkinson's disease) with loss of DA transmission
What are the examples of what can cause parkinsonism?
Drugs, stroke, infection induced symptoms
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's?
Motor symptoms:
- Resting tremor
- muscle rigidity
- suppression of voluntary movements
What are the resting tremors caused by parkinsons aka?
shaking palsy
What's gone wrong in Parkinson's disease?
Loss/degeneration of dopamine (DA) cell bodies/terminals in the brain
, What is used to diagnose parkinson's disease?
PET images (DAT scan)
Where are the cell bodies of the DA neurones?
Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area
Where do the projections from the substantia nigra go to?
Striatum (nigro-striatal pathway)
Where do the two pathways of projections from the ventral tegmental area go to?
Frontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens
What are the 4 main dopamine pathways in the brain?
- Nigrostriatal
- Mesolimbic
- Mesocortical
- Tuberoinfundibular
What is the nigrostriatal pathway?
substantia nigra to striatum
What is the mesolimbic pathway?
Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens
What is the mesocortical pathway?
Ventral tengmental area to frontal cortex
What is the tuberoinfundibular pathway?
Arcuate nucleus to pituitary gland
Which pathway is effected in parkinson's?
nigrostriatal pathway
