WGU Pathophysiology (PRACTICE MIDTERM E i@# i@# i@# i@#
XAM)257 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025 i@# i@# i@# i@#
A common cause of heart failure is which of the following? (Select all that apply. -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Coronary artery disease i@# i@#
-Cardiomyopathy
-Hypertension
When the cause of a disease is due to unintended or unwanted medical treatment, the term to describe
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i
this is -
@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅latrogenic
COPD type A is referred to as: -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Emphysema
A heart that has to pump harder in order to effectively circulate blood is likely to undergo which type of
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
cellular adaptation? - i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypertrophy
Which pathogenetic change is associated with acute bronchitis? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Swelling from exudation of fluid i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Loss of ciliary function
i@# i@# i@#
-Inflamed airways i@#
Which is true regarding hemophilia A? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅It is caused by factor VII deficiency.
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is a malignant disorder of mature antibody-secreting B lymphocytes or plasma cells? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Multiple myeloma i@#
,The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resultin
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
g of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Calcification
-Ghon tubercles i@#
-Formation of granulomas i@# i@#
-Activation of macrophages i@# i@#
Atherosclerosis predisposes to a number of processes that are factors in myocardial ischemia. These pr i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
ocesses include - i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Thrombus Formation i@#
Which offers the best prognosis for the cure of cancer? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Early Detection i@#
Which statement is true regarding thalassemia? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅It is a deficiency of one or more polypeptide chains.
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is required for red blood cell production? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Iron
-Folate
-Vitamin B12 i@#
Abnormal new cellular growth is referred to as - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Neoplasia
How many liters of blood are circulating in the human body at any one time? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅4-6l
What is the marker of choice for detecting a myocardial infarction? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Elevated serum levels of cardiac troponin i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is a risk factor associated with hypertension? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
,i@# ✅-Age
-African American race i@# i@#
-History of tobacco smoking i@# i@# i@#
Which component of the blood is responsible for protecting the body by phagocytosis of microorganis
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
ms and other debris? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Leukocytes
Which term is used to identify hypertension that has a specific disease as its cause? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Secondary
Restoration of effective function is the goal of which level of prevention? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Teritary
Which restrictive disease is associated with the formation of an antigen-
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
antibody complex, causing fibrosis of the lung? - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypersensitivity pneumonitis i@#
The pathologic changes that occur in the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions include cell d
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
amage resulting from which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-The effects of oxidized lipids i@# i@# i@# i@#
-An inflammatory response
i@# i@#
-The formation of plaques
i@# i@# i@#
Which statements is true regarding serum potassium (K +) levels? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Hyperkalemia can result in weakness in the lower extremities. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hyperkalemia can be characterized by intestinal cramping. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hypokalemia can often cause muscle weakness. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hypokalemia can result in a paralytic ileus. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Cellular hypoxia results in - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Failure of the sodium-potassium pump i@# i@# i@# i@#
, Which cellular change is seen with chronic bronchitis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Increased eosinophils i@#
Which disease has the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells on histologic examination? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hodgkin lymphoma i@#
Which type of cellular adaptation would create the greatest concern if found on a biopsy report? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Dysplasia
What assists in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Bence Jones proteins i@# i@#
Which type of shock is characterized by generalized vasodilation and peripheral pooling of blood?
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
(Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Septic
-Neurogenic i@#
-Anaphylatic
The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which o
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
f the following? (Select all that apply. -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Inflammation
-Lung consolidation i@#
-Formation of exudates i@# i@#
What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in patients with chronic bronchitis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Mucous plugs i@#
Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock? - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypovolemic
Which is a modifiable risk factor for prevention of atherosclerosis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
XAM)257 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025 i@# i@# i@# i@#
A common cause of heart failure is which of the following? (Select all that apply. -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Coronary artery disease i@# i@#
-Cardiomyopathy
-Hypertension
When the cause of a disease is due to unintended or unwanted medical treatment, the term to describe
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i
this is -
@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅latrogenic
COPD type A is referred to as: -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Emphysema
A heart that has to pump harder in order to effectively circulate blood is likely to undergo which type of
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
cellular adaptation? - i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypertrophy
Which pathogenetic change is associated with acute bronchitis? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Swelling from exudation of fluid i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Loss of ciliary function
i@# i@# i@#
-Inflamed airways i@#
Which is true regarding hemophilia A? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅It is caused by factor VII deficiency.
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is a malignant disorder of mature antibody-secreting B lymphocytes or plasma cells? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Multiple myeloma i@#
,The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resultin
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
g of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Calcification
-Ghon tubercles i@#
-Formation of granulomas i@# i@#
-Activation of macrophages i@# i@#
Atherosclerosis predisposes to a number of processes that are factors in myocardial ischemia. These pr i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
ocesses include - i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Thrombus Formation i@#
Which offers the best prognosis for the cure of cancer? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Early Detection i@#
Which statement is true regarding thalassemia? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅It is a deficiency of one or more polypeptide chains.
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is required for red blood cell production? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Iron
-Folate
-Vitamin B12 i@#
Abnormal new cellular growth is referred to as - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Neoplasia
How many liters of blood are circulating in the human body at any one time? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅4-6l
What is the marker of choice for detecting a myocardial infarction? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Elevated serum levels of cardiac troponin i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Which is a risk factor associated with hypertension? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
,i@# ✅-Age
-African American race i@# i@#
-History of tobacco smoking i@# i@# i@#
Which component of the blood is responsible for protecting the body by phagocytosis of microorganis
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
ms and other debris? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Leukocytes
Which term is used to identify hypertension that has a specific disease as its cause? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Secondary
Restoration of effective function is the goal of which level of prevention? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Teritary
Which restrictive disease is associated with the formation of an antigen-
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
antibody complex, causing fibrosis of the lung? - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypersensitivity pneumonitis i@#
The pathologic changes that occur in the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions include cell d
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
amage resulting from which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-The effects of oxidized lipids i@# i@# i@# i@#
-An inflammatory response
i@# i@#
-The formation of plaques
i@# i@# i@#
Which statements is true regarding serum potassium (K +) levels? (Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Hyperkalemia can result in weakness in the lower extremities. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hyperkalemia can be characterized by intestinal cramping. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hypokalemia can often cause muscle weakness. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
-Hypokalemia can result in a paralytic ileus. i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
Cellular hypoxia results in - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Failure of the sodium-potassium pump i@# i@# i@# i@#
, Which cellular change is seen with chronic bronchitis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Increased eosinophils i@#
Which disease has the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells on histologic examination? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hodgkin lymphoma i@#
Which type of cellular adaptation would create the greatest concern if found on a biopsy report? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Dysplasia
What assists in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Bence Jones proteins i@# i@#
Which type of shock is characterized by generalized vasodilation and peripheral pooling of blood?
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
(Select all that apply.) -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Septic
-Neurogenic i@#
-Anaphylatic
The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which o
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
f the following? (Select all that apply. -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅-Inflammation
-Lung consolidation i@#
-Formation of exudates i@# i@#
What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in patients with chronic bronchitis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Mucous plugs i@#
Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock? - i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
i@# ✅Hypovolemic
Which is a modifiable risk factor for prevention of atherosclerosis? -
i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@# i@#
