VBS. THE EXAM #2
naturally acquired active immunity - answer develops after exposure to antigens in
environment
Artificially acquired immunity - answer response to antigens introduced via a vaccine
Neutralization - answer virus is unable to attach because of the way the antibody is
bound to the virus
Antibody structure - answer1) Antigen-binding site
2) Variable regions of light and heavy chains
3) Constant regions of light and heavy chains
4) 2 light chains
5) 2 heavy chains
Fab region of antibody - answer variable region that binds antigen to form antigen-
antibody complex
What type of cell helps the B cell? - answerT helper cells (TH cells)
What type of cell is attacking this cancer cell? - answerC-cytotoxic cells
How do immune cells "recognize" cancerous cells? - answerMust recognize the
invader/cancer cell
Cell-mediated Immunity - answerDendritic cells = sample the environment to see what
they can find and present that info to the T cells
How do T cells "see" antigens"? - answerT cell sees antigens presented by dendritic
cells (MHC proteins)
Cell mediated Immunity - answerThe T cells are the effectors cells (doing the work)
What type of cell detects antigens and then activates T cells? - answerDendritic cells
How do T cells become activated? - answerCan present with MHC I or MHC II
Exterior II (T helper/CD4)
Interior I (CD8)
Dendritic (can do both, can activate T helper ( or CD4 cells) and C-cytotoxins (or CD8
cells) as well
, Dendritic cells are located in tissues - answer1. Cell extension can reach across
mucous membranes to sample surface
- PRRs on dendritic cells are the things hooking on to the antigens
- Antigens are then brought into the cell and displayed via MHC
2. Dendritic cells monitor GI tract
TH cells recognize antigens bound to MHCI - answer1. Dendritic cell
2. T cell receptor will have specific fit for antigen
3. CD4 molecule will recognize the MHC
- Then the two cells become tightly connected
- Macrophages release cytokines
- Cytokines are received and activation occurs
What is a CD marker? - answerStands for Cluster of Differentiation
What do activated TH cells do? - answer1. Active B cells 2. Activate macrophages 3.
Help Tc cells
What do activated T cells do? - answer1. Kill cells that have bacteria/viral cells inside of
them
- B cells are extracellular
2. Kill cancer cells (apoptosis)
Indice virally infected cells (apoptosis)
3. Indice virally infected cells (apoptosis)
How do dendritic cells "recognize" antigens? - answerPRRs (which they then display
with MHC)
TLRs (toll-like receptors) - answerReceptors on the membrane of a phagocyte that
allow it to find and bind to the PAMP receptors of various microbes.
The Type of TLR that is bound - answerdetermines the phagocyte response
Where does T cell and B cell activation take place? - answerLymph nodes:
naturally acquired active immunity - answer develops after exposure to antigens in
environment
Artificially acquired immunity - answer response to antigens introduced via a vaccine
Neutralization - answer virus is unable to attach because of the way the antibody is
bound to the virus
Antibody structure - answer1) Antigen-binding site
2) Variable regions of light and heavy chains
3) Constant regions of light and heavy chains
4) 2 light chains
5) 2 heavy chains
Fab region of antibody - answer variable region that binds antigen to form antigen-
antibody complex
What type of cell helps the B cell? - answerT helper cells (TH cells)
What type of cell is attacking this cancer cell? - answerC-cytotoxic cells
How do immune cells "recognize" cancerous cells? - answerMust recognize the
invader/cancer cell
Cell-mediated Immunity - answerDendritic cells = sample the environment to see what
they can find and present that info to the T cells
How do T cells "see" antigens"? - answerT cell sees antigens presented by dendritic
cells (MHC proteins)
Cell mediated Immunity - answerThe T cells are the effectors cells (doing the work)
What type of cell detects antigens and then activates T cells? - answerDendritic cells
How do T cells become activated? - answerCan present with MHC I or MHC II
Exterior II (T helper/CD4)
Interior I (CD8)
Dendritic (can do both, can activate T helper ( or CD4 cells) and C-cytotoxins (or CD8
cells) as well
, Dendritic cells are located in tissues - answer1. Cell extension can reach across
mucous membranes to sample surface
- PRRs on dendritic cells are the things hooking on to the antigens
- Antigens are then brought into the cell and displayed via MHC
2. Dendritic cells monitor GI tract
TH cells recognize antigens bound to MHCI - answer1. Dendritic cell
2. T cell receptor will have specific fit for antigen
3. CD4 molecule will recognize the MHC
- Then the two cells become tightly connected
- Macrophages release cytokines
- Cytokines are received and activation occurs
What is a CD marker? - answerStands for Cluster of Differentiation
What do activated TH cells do? - answer1. Active B cells 2. Activate macrophages 3.
Help Tc cells
What do activated T cells do? - answer1. Kill cells that have bacteria/viral cells inside of
them
- B cells are extracellular
2. Kill cancer cells (apoptosis)
Indice virally infected cells (apoptosis)
3. Indice virally infected cells (apoptosis)
How do dendritic cells "recognize" antigens? - answerPRRs (which they then display
with MHC)
TLRs (toll-like receptors) - answerReceptors on the membrane of a phagocyte that
allow it to find and bind to the PAMP receptors of various microbes.
The Type of TLR that is bound - answerdetermines the phagocyte response
Where does T cell and B cell activation take place? - answerLymph nodes:
