UPDATE (GRADED A+).
What is Criminology?
A body of knowledge that regards crime as a social phenomenon
What does Criminology examine?
Examines the historical development of formailzed law
What is Small-scale socieites and inforal social control?
cooperation and equality
What is European formalized law?
Capitalist modes of production
What is Criminal law?
Formal rules that govern behavior in society
What Criminal justice data and statistics is gattered?
- Reliability vs. Validity
- Records -> Aggregation -> Statistics
What are Crime Statistics presented as?
Uniform Crime Rate (UCR)
- Allows for comparison across jurisdictions
What is The Consensus Approach Assumption?
Not that law should represent the needs of all citizens but that is does represent the values and norms
of a society
What was The Classical School?
- Considered the first formral school of criminology
- Brought the emerging philosophy of liberalism and utilitarianism to the justice system
- Advocated for principles of rights, fairness, and due process in place of retribution arbitrariness, and
brutality
What was the Classical Theory of Crime?
- Reforms proposed by the Classical Theorists were based on radical new theory of the causes of crime
-> People broke the law because they thought that doing so would advance their own interests
->This theory was based on the assumption that people are rational beings who calculate the
consequences of their actions
What is the Classical Theory?