COS/CSC 101/111
LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTERS
DR. ZUBAIR ADAM
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY
, OVERVIEW
Introduction to & History of Computer
Basic Computer Configuration
Hardware (Input, Storage and Output Devices)
Software (Operating System, Application Software, etc.)
Internet
Using personal computers as effective problem-solving tools
for the present and future.
Computer application areas and technological trends.
, COMPUTER AND COMPUTER
SCIENCE
What is a Computer?
A computer is a programmable electronic device that can perform activities that involve
Mathematical, Logical and graphical manipulations.
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory.
Computer is any electronic device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations
calculations.
Fundamental operations sequence in a computer.
It receives data & instructions from the input device.
Processes the data as per instructions.
Provides the result (output) in a desired form.
What is Computer Science?
Computer science, the study of computers and computing, including their theoretical and algorit
foundations, hardware and software, and their uses for processing information.
, Data, Information and Instruction
Data : It is the collection of raw facts, figures & symbols.
Ex : Names of students and their marks in different subjects listed
in random order.
Information : It is the data that is processed & presented in an
organized manner.
Ex : When the names of students are arranged in alphabetical
order, total and average marks are calculated & presented in a
tabular form, it is information.
Program : Set of instructions that enables a computer to perform a
given task.
, History of Computer
Originally calculations were computed by humans, whose job
title was computers.
These human computers were typically engaged in the calculation of a
mathematical expression.
The calculations of this period were specialized and expensive,
requiring years of training in mathematics.
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613,
referring to a person who carried out calculations, or
computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense
until the middle of the 20th century.
, History of
Computer
Tally Sticks
Tally Sticks A tally
stick was an ancient
memory aid device to
record and document
numbers, quantities,
or even messages.
, History of
Computer
Abacus
An abacus is a
mechanical device
used to aid an
individual in
performing
mathematical
calculations.
, History of
Computer
Napier’s Bones
Invented by John
Napier in 1614.
Allowed the operator
to multiply, divide and
calculate square and
cube roots by moving
the rods around and
placing them in
specially constructed
boards.
,Assignment
Write a short note on the following devic
stating their year of invention and uses
respectively.
Slide Rule
Pascaline
Stepped Reckoner
Jacquard Loom
Arithmometer
Difference Engine and Analytical Engine
, Discussio
n Impact
of
Computer
s on the
Society.
LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTERS
DR. ZUBAIR ADAM
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY
, OVERVIEW
Introduction to & History of Computer
Basic Computer Configuration
Hardware (Input, Storage and Output Devices)
Software (Operating System, Application Software, etc.)
Internet
Using personal computers as effective problem-solving tools
for the present and future.
Computer application areas and technological trends.
, COMPUTER AND COMPUTER
SCIENCE
What is a Computer?
A computer is a programmable electronic device that can perform activities that involve
Mathematical, Logical and graphical manipulations.
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory.
Computer is any electronic device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations
calculations.
Fundamental operations sequence in a computer.
It receives data & instructions from the input device.
Processes the data as per instructions.
Provides the result (output) in a desired form.
What is Computer Science?
Computer science, the study of computers and computing, including their theoretical and algorit
foundations, hardware and software, and their uses for processing information.
, Data, Information and Instruction
Data : It is the collection of raw facts, figures & symbols.
Ex : Names of students and their marks in different subjects listed
in random order.
Information : It is the data that is processed & presented in an
organized manner.
Ex : When the names of students are arranged in alphabetical
order, total and average marks are calculated & presented in a
tabular form, it is information.
Program : Set of instructions that enables a computer to perform a
given task.
, History of Computer
Originally calculations were computed by humans, whose job
title was computers.
These human computers were typically engaged in the calculation of a
mathematical expression.
The calculations of this period were specialized and expensive,
requiring years of training in mathematics.
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613,
referring to a person who carried out calculations, or
computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense
until the middle of the 20th century.
, History of
Computer
Tally Sticks
Tally Sticks A tally
stick was an ancient
memory aid device to
record and document
numbers, quantities,
or even messages.
, History of
Computer
Abacus
An abacus is a
mechanical device
used to aid an
individual in
performing
mathematical
calculations.
, History of
Computer
Napier’s Bones
Invented by John
Napier in 1614.
Allowed the operator
to multiply, divide and
calculate square and
cube roots by moving
the rods around and
placing them in
specially constructed
boards.
,Assignment
Write a short note on the following devic
stating their year of invention and uses
respectively.
Slide Rule
Pascaline
Stepped Reckoner
Jacquard Loom
Arithmometer
Difference Engine and Analytical Engine
, Discussio
n Impact
of
Computer
s on the
Society.
