Ch15ManualAssembly Lines
v v v
Sections:
1. Fundamentals of Manual Assembly Lines
v v v v
2. Analysis of Single Model Assembly Lines
v v v v v
3. Line Balancing Algorithms
v v
4. Mixed Model Assembly Lines
v v v
5. Workstation Considerations v
6. Other Considerations in Assembly Line Design
v v v v v
7. Alternative Assembly Systems
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, Historical Note- v
Origins of the Manual Assemb v v v v
ly Line v
principles.
1. Division of labor, proposed by Adam Smith (1723–1790)-pin factory.
v v v v v v v v
2. Interchangeable parts, based on the efforts of Eli Whitney (1765– v v v v v v v v v
1825). Without interchangeable parts, assembly line technology would not be
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possible.
▪ The origins of modern production lines can be traced to the meat industry
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(meat packing plants)in Chicago, Illinois, and Cincinnati.
v v v v v v
▪ American automotive industrialist Henry Ford-
v v v v
chassis fabrication. The use of chain-
v v v v v
driven conveyors and workstations arranged for the convenience and comfort o
v v v v v v v v v v
f his assembly line workers increased productivity by a factor of eight, compare
v v v v v v v v v v v v
d to previous single-station assembly methods.
v v v v v
©2008vPearsonvEducation,vInc.,vUppervSaddlevRiver,vNJ.v Allvrightsvreserved.v Thisvmaterialvisvprotectedvundervallvcopyrightvlawsvasvtheyvcurrentlyvexist.
Novportionvofvthisvmaterialvmayvbevreproduced,v invanyvformvorvbyvanyvmeans,vwithoutvpermissionvinvwritingvfromvthevpublisher.v Forvthevexclusivevusevofvadoptersvofvthevbook
,Automation,vProductionvSystems,vandvComputer-IntegratedvManufacturing,v ThirdvEdition,vbyvMikellvP.vGroover. 2
, ManualAssemblyLines v v
▪ Work systems consisting of multiple workers organized
to produce a single product or a limited range of products
v v v v v v v v v v
▪ Assembly workers perform tasks at workstations located along the
v v v v v v v v v
line-of-flow of the product v v v
▪ Usually a powered conveyor is used v v v v v
▪ Some of the workstations may be equipped with portable
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
powered tools. v
▪ Factors favoring the use of manual assembly lines:
v v v v v v v
➢ High or medium demand for product
v v v v v
➢ Identical or similar products v v v
➢ Total work content can be divided into small work elements
v v v v v v v v v
➢ It is technologically impossible or economically infeasible to aut
v v v v v v v v
omate the assembly operations
v v v
▪ Most consumer products are assembled on manual assembly lines
v v v v v v v v
v v v
Sections:
1. Fundamentals of Manual Assembly Lines
v v v v
2. Analysis of Single Model Assembly Lines
v v v v v
3. Line Balancing Algorithms
v v
4. Mixed Model Assembly Lines
v v v
5. Workstation Considerations v
6. Other Considerations in Assembly Line Design
v v v v v
7. Alternative Assembly Systems
v v
, Historical Note- v
Origins of the Manual Assemb v v v v
ly Line v
principles.
1. Division of labor, proposed by Adam Smith (1723–1790)-pin factory.
v v v v v v v v
2. Interchangeable parts, based on the efforts of Eli Whitney (1765– v v v v v v v v v
1825). Without interchangeable parts, assembly line technology would not be
v v v v v v v v v v
possible.
▪ The origins of modern production lines can be traced to the meat industry
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(meat packing plants)in Chicago, Illinois, and Cincinnati.
v v v v v v
▪ American automotive industrialist Henry Ford-
v v v v
chassis fabrication. The use of chain-
v v v v v
driven conveyors and workstations arranged for the convenience and comfort o
v v v v v v v v v v
f his assembly line workers increased productivity by a factor of eight, compare
v v v v v v v v v v v v
d to previous single-station assembly methods.
v v v v v
©2008vPearsonvEducation,vInc.,vUppervSaddlevRiver,vNJ.v Allvrightsvreserved.v Thisvmaterialvisvprotectedvundervallvcopyrightvlawsvasvtheyvcurrentlyvexist.
Novportionvofvthisvmaterialvmayvbevreproduced,v invanyvformvorvbyvanyvmeans,vwithoutvpermissionvinvwritingvfromvthevpublisher.v Forvthevexclusivevusevofvadoptersvofvthevbook
,Automation,vProductionvSystems,vandvComputer-IntegratedvManufacturing,v ThirdvEdition,vbyvMikellvP.vGroover. 2
, ManualAssemblyLines v v
▪ Work systems consisting of multiple workers organized
to produce a single product or a limited range of products
v v v v v v v v v v
▪ Assembly workers perform tasks at workstations located along the
v v v v v v v v v
line-of-flow of the product v v v
▪ Usually a powered conveyor is used v v v v v
▪ Some of the workstations may be equipped with portable
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
powered tools. v
▪ Factors favoring the use of manual assembly lines:
v v v v v v v
➢ High or medium demand for product
v v v v v
➢ Identical or similar products v v v
➢ Total work content can be divided into small work elements
v v v v v v v v v
➢ It is technologically impossible or economically infeasible to aut
v v v v v v v v
omate the assembly operations
v v v
▪ Most consumer products are assembled on manual assembly lines
v v v v v v v v
