BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Potential Energy
energy of energy or stored energy
Kinetic Energy
energy of motion
Na+ Ions and Energy
in high concentration=potential energy
moving to low concentration=kinetic energy
Chemical Energy
energy stored in chemical bonds is released when bonds break
Electrical Energy
movement of charged particles
movement of ions across plasma membrane of neuron
Mechanical Energy
the energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects
muscle contraction for walking
Sound Energy
sound makes an object or substance vibrate
sound waves causing vibration of eardrum in ear
Radiant Energy
energy carried by light
visible light detected by retina in eye
Thermal Energy
random motion of particles
measured as temperature of substance
Thermodynamics
study of energy transformations
energy changes from useful state to less useful state
amount of usable energy decreases
1st law of Thermodynamics
, law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Law of increased entropy
in spontaneous process, total entropy of system never decreases
Chemical Reactions
break bonds in existing molecular structures
form new bonds
Chemical Reactions Criteria
1. Changes in chemical structure
2. Changes in chemical energy
3. Whether reaction is irreversible or reversible
1. Changes in Chemical Structure
decomposition reactions
synthesis reactions
exchange reactions
Decomposition Reaction
1 reactant splits into two or more products
Catabolism: disassemble aspect of metabolism
Synthesis Reaction
2 or more reactants combine to form one single product
Anabolism: assemble aspect of metabolism
Exchange Reaction
two chemical structures exchange molecules, atoms, ions, or electrons
both decomposition and synthesis components
most prevalent reaction in body
production of ATP in muscule
2. Changes in Chemical Energy
Exergonic and endergonic reactions
Exergonic Reaction
energy released with net decrease in potential energy
decomposition reaction
Endergonic Reaction
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Potential Energy
energy of energy or stored energy
Kinetic Energy
energy of motion
Na+ Ions and Energy
in high concentration=potential energy
moving to low concentration=kinetic energy
Chemical Energy
energy stored in chemical bonds is released when bonds break
Electrical Energy
movement of charged particles
movement of ions across plasma membrane of neuron
Mechanical Energy
the energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects
muscle contraction for walking
Sound Energy
sound makes an object or substance vibrate
sound waves causing vibration of eardrum in ear
Radiant Energy
energy carried by light
visible light detected by retina in eye
Thermal Energy
random motion of particles
measured as temperature of substance
Thermodynamics
study of energy transformations
energy changes from useful state to less useful state
amount of usable energy decreases
1st law of Thermodynamics
, law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Law of increased entropy
in spontaneous process, total entropy of system never decreases
Chemical Reactions
break bonds in existing molecular structures
form new bonds
Chemical Reactions Criteria
1. Changes in chemical structure
2. Changes in chemical energy
3. Whether reaction is irreversible or reversible
1. Changes in Chemical Structure
decomposition reactions
synthesis reactions
exchange reactions
Decomposition Reaction
1 reactant splits into two or more products
Catabolism: disassemble aspect of metabolism
Synthesis Reaction
2 or more reactants combine to form one single product
Anabolism: assemble aspect of metabolism
Exchange Reaction
two chemical structures exchange molecules, atoms, ions, or electrons
both decomposition and synthesis components
most prevalent reaction in body
production of ATP in muscule
2. Changes in Chemical Energy
Exergonic and endergonic reactions
Exergonic Reaction
energy released with net decrease in potential energy
decomposition reaction
Endergonic Reaction
