BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Ephosphorylation
removal of phosphate group
performed by phosphatases
turns on some enzymes and turns off others
Cellular Respiration
exergonic multistep metabolic pathway
organic molecules disassembled by series of enzymes
potential energy in chemical bonds released
energy used to synthesize ATP (endergonic)
Oxygen required for max ATP production
Plasma Membrane
outer barrier separating internal contents from external environment
cilia, flagellum, microvilli extensions
Nucleus
largest structure of cell, enclosed by nuclear envelop
DNA
Cytoplasm
between plasma membrane and nucleus
cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
Cytosol
intracellular fluid in cytoplasm
contains dissolved macromolecules and ions
Membrane Bound Organelles
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria
Non-Membrane Bound Organelles
ribosomes, cytoskeleton, centrosome, proteasomes
Inclusions of Cytosol
temporary
pigments, glycogen, triglycerides
, Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
separates intracellular fluid from extracellular fluid
selectively permeable
fluid mosaic model
Selectively Permeable
controls what enters and leaves
ALWAYS permeable to small, nonpolar, uncharged molecules
Transmembrane proteins act as channels or transporters
Fluid Mosaic Model
moving sea of lipids and proteins
Cell Membrane consists of...
cholesterol
phospholipids, sphingolipids
carbohydrates
proteins
Cholesterol and Phospholipids together form...
lipid bilayer
functions as selectively barrier between cytosol and external environment
Phospholipids, sphingolipids and carbohydrates together form...
glycolipids
functions as structural stability
cell recognition
immune response
Carbohydrates and proteins together form...
glycoproteins
structural stability
cell recognition
immune response
Membrane Proteins
float and move in phospholipid bilayer
Perform most of membrane's functions
integral and peripheral
Integral Proteins
extend across phospholipid bilayer
glycoproteins
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Ephosphorylation
removal of phosphate group
performed by phosphatases
turns on some enzymes and turns off others
Cellular Respiration
exergonic multistep metabolic pathway
organic molecules disassembled by series of enzymes
potential energy in chemical bonds released
energy used to synthesize ATP (endergonic)
Oxygen required for max ATP production
Plasma Membrane
outer barrier separating internal contents from external environment
cilia, flagellum, microvilli extensions
Nucleus
largest structure of cell, enclosed by nuclear envelop
DNA
Cytoplasm
between plasma membrane and nucleus
cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
Cytosol
intracellular fluid in cytoplasm
contains dissolved macromolecules and ions
Membrane Bound Organelles
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria
Non-Membrane Bound Organelles
ribosomes, cytoskeleton, centrosome, proteasomes
Inclusions of Cytosol
temporary
pigments, glycogen, triglycerides
, Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
separates intracellular fluid from extracellular fluid
selectively permeable
fluid mosaic model
Selectively Permeable
controls what enters and leaves
ALWAYS permeable to small, nonpolar, uncharged molecules
Transmembrane proteins act as channels or transporters
Fluid Mosaic Model
moving sea of lipids and proteins
Cell Membrane consists of...
cholesterol
phospholipids, sphingolipids
carbohydrates
proteins
Cholesterol and Phospholipids together form...
lipid bilayer
functions as selectively barrier between cytosol and external environment
Phospholipids, sphingolipids and carbohydrates together form...
glycolipids
functions as structural stability
cell recognition
immune response
Carbohydrates and proteins together form...
glycoproteins
structural stability
cell recognition
immune response
Membrane Proteins
float and move in phospholipid bilayer
Perform most of membrane's functions
integral and peripheral
Integral Proteins
extend across phospholipid bilayer
glycoproteins
