BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
What osmolarity can hypotonic solutions be?

hyposmotic
isosmotic
hyperosmotic

What osmolarity can isotonic solutions be?

isosmotic
hyperosmotic

What osmolarity can hypertonic solutions be?

hyperosmotic

0.9% saline

isosmotic
isotonic

5% dextrose in 0.9% saline

hyperosmotic
isotonic

5% dextrose in water

isosmotic
hypotonic

0.45% saline

hyposmotic
hypotonic

5% dextrose in 0.45% saline

hyperosmotic
hypotonic

List of Passive Processes

diffusion
osmosis
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
channel-mediated
carrier-mediated

, List of Active Processes

active transport
vesicular transport
primary active transport
secondary active transport
exocytosis
endocytosis
symport
antiport
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
receptor mediated endocytosis

Active Transport

movement of solute against concentration gradient
maintains gradient between cell and interstitial fluid
transport proteins
conformation change requires energy

Primary Active Transport

ATP used directly
transport protein phosphorylated changing protein's shaped

Secondary Active Transport

uses potential energy stored in concentration gradients of one molecule to push another against its
gradient

Uniport Transport Protein

transport only one type of substrate

Symport

move two or more substrates in same direction across membrane

Antiport

move substrates in opposite direction

Ion Pumps

primary active transport
protein pumps that move ions across cell membrane
maintain internal conc of ions
Ca2+ pumps in plasma membrane of erythrocytes

Sodium Potassium Pump