BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Transmission Genetics (Mendelian Genetics)
Is the study of the transmission of traits in successive generations
Evolutionary Genetics
Studies the origins of and genetic relationships among organisms, and the evolution of genes and
genomes
Molecular Genetics
Studies inheritance and variation of nucleic acids, proteins, and genomes
Genes
Are the physical units of heredity
Chromosomes
Are long molecules of double-stranded DNA and protein, which contains genes
Genome
The complete set of genes or genetic
Phenotype
The observable traits of an organism
Genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism
Alleles
Alternative (variant) forms of a gene
Diploid
Have two copies of each chromosome in their somatic cells
Haploid
Have one copy of each chrosomes in their germ cells
Evolution
The theory that all organisms are related by a common ancestry and have diversified over time
DNA
Strands are formed by nucleotides
, Central Dogma of Biology
Describes the flow of hereditary information
Law of Segregation
Maternal
Paternal
Law of Independent Assortment
Different traits can segregate independently between generations
Locus
Place on a chromosome where the gene is located
Allele
A form of a gene that exists at a single locus
Reverse Genetics
Starts with the gene sequence and works backwards to the Mutant
The basis for segregation and independent assortment is in the process of
Meiosis
Mendel's Law of Segregation
-Each gamete get only one of two units of inheritance
-Progeny then gets one maternal and one paternal copy
Monohybrid Cross
A cross in which the two organisms crossed are both heterozygous for one gene
Punnett Square
Method of diagramming a genetic cross is a simple tool of genetic analysis
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment
The inheritance of two or more traits simultaneously
9:3:3:1
-Illustrate Law of Independent Assortment
-Generated in dihybrid crosses
1:2:1
Heterozygotes are crossed
3:1
LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+)
Transmission Genetics (Mendelian Genetics)
Is the study of the transmission of traits in successive generations
Evolutionary Genetics
Studies the origins of and genetic relationships among organisms, and the evolution of genes and
genomes
Molecular Genetics
Studies inheritance and variation of nucleic acids, proteins, and genomes
Genes
Are the physical units of heredity
Chromosomes
Are long molecules of double-stranded DNA and protein, which contains genes
Genome
The complete set of genes or genetic
Phenotype
The observable traits of an organism
Genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism
Alleles
Alternative (variant) forms of a gene
Diploid
Have two copies of each chromosome in their somatic cells
Haploid
Have one copy of each chrosomes in their germ cells
Evolution
The theory that all organisms are related by a common ancestry and have diversified over time
DNA
Strands are formed by nucleotides
, Central Dogma of Biology
Describes the flow of hereditary information
Law of Segregation
Maternal
Paternal
Law of Independent Assortment
Different traits can segregate independently between generations
Locus
Place on a chromosome where the gene is located
Allele
A form of a gene that exists at a single locus
Reverse Genetics
Starts with the gene sequence and works backwards to the Mutant
The basis for segregation and independent assortment is in the process of
Meiosis
Mendel's Law of Segregation
-Each gamete get only one of two units of inheritance
-Progeny then gets one maternal and one paternal copy
Monohybrid Cross
A cross in which the two organisms crossed are both heterozygous for one gene
Punnett Square
Method of diagramming a genetic cross is a simple tool of genetic analysis
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment
The inheritance of two or more traits simultaneously
9:3:3:1
-Illustrate Law of Independent Assortment
-Generated in dihybrid crosses
1:2:1
Heterozygotes are crossed
3:1
