UNDERSTANDING PATHO EXAM SUCCESS: ULTIMATE
A+, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
A 2-year-old malnourished child has vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. A blood smear suggests the
deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic. The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:
A. Low
B. High
C. Normal
D. Sporadic
Normal
A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse
monitors for which of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment?
A. Monocytosis
B. Lymphocytosis
C. Eosinophilia
D. Basophilia
Basophilia
In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the nurse assesses for active bleeding after
intravascular clotting because:
A. Inflammatory mediators are released.
B. Clotting factors are depleted.
C. Tissue factor (TF) is inactivated.
D. Prothrombin is activated.
Clotting factors are depleted
Thrombocytopenia may be:
A. Transient or consistent
B. Congenital or acquired
C. Normal or abnormal
D. Active or inactive
Congenital or acquired
A nurse recalls posthemorrhagic anemia can result in death when a patient's blood loss is in excess of:
A. 30% to 39%
B. 20% to 29%
, C. 40% to 49%
D. 50% to 59%
40% to 49%
A patient has microcytic hypochromic anemia. Which of the following
pathogenic mechanisms may cause anemia in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Failure of mechanisms of compensatory erythropoiesis
B. Swelling in the tissues
C. Increased basal metabolic rate
D. Disturbances of the iron cycle
E. Decreased erythrocyte life span
Failure of mechanisms of compensatory erythropoiesis
Disturbances of the iron cycle
Decreased erythrocyte life span
A 30-year-old female presents with hematuria, menorrhagia, and bleeding gums. She is diagnosed
with immune thrombocytic purpura (ITP). A nurse realizes the most likely cause is:
A. Allergy-induced platelet lysis
B. Antibody destruction of platelets
C. T cell injury to megakaryocytes
D. An immune response to hypersplenism
Antibody destruction of platelets
A nurse checks individuals with liver disease for clotting problems because:
A. High levels of bilirubin interfere with the clotting system.
B. The liver is often the site of platelet pooling.
C. Clotting factors are produced in the liver.
D. Treatment medications for liver failure cause fibrinolysis.
Clotting factors are produced in the liver
A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. A nurse recalls the primary cause of her
anemia is:
A. Bone marrow failure
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Folate deficiency
Iron deficiency
A 20-year-old female has an increase in eosinophils. When the patient wants to know the most likely
cause of the eosinophilia. What is the nurse's best response?
A+, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
A 2-year-old malnourished child has vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. A blood smear suggests the
deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic. The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:
A. Low
B. High
C. Normal
D. Sporadic
Normal
A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse
monitors for which of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment?
A. Monocytosis
B. Lymphocytosis
C. Eosinophilia
D. Basophilia
Basophilia
In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the nurse assesses for active bleeding after
intravascular clotting because:
A. Inflammatory mediators are released.
B. Clotting factors are depleted.
C. Tissue factor (TF) is inactivated.
D. Prothrombin is activated.
Clotting factors are depleted
Thrombocytopenia may be:
A. Transient or consistent
B. Congenital or acquired
C. Normal or abnormal
D. Active or inactive
Congenital or acquired
A nurse recalls posthemorrhagic anemia can result in death when a patient's blood loss is in excess of:
A. 30% to 39%
B. 20% to 29%
, C. 40% to 49%
D. 50% to 59%
40% to 49%
A patient has microcytic hypochromic anemia. Which of the following
pathogenic mechanisms may cause anemia in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Failure of mechanisms of compensatory erythropoiesis
B. Swelling in the tissues
C. Increased basal metabolic rate
D. Disturbances of the iron cycle
E. Decreased erythrocyte life span
Failure of mechanisms of compensatory erythropoiesis
Disturbances of the iron cycle
Decreased erythrocyte life span
A 30-year-old female presents with hematuria, menorrhagia, and bleeding gums. She is diagnosed
with immune thrombocytic purpura (ITP). A nurse realizes the most likely cause is:
A. Allergy-induced platelet lysis
B. Antibody destruction of platelets
C. T cell injury to megakaryocytes
D. An immune response to hypersplenism
Antibody destruction of platelets
A nurse checks individuals with liver disease for clotting problems because:
A. High levels of bilirubin interfere with the clotting system.
B. The liver is often the site of platelet pooling.
C. Clotting factors are produced in the liver.
D. Treatment medications for liver failure cause fibrinolysis.
Clotting factors are produced in the liver
A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. A nurse recalls the primary cause of her
anemia is:
A. Bone marrow failure
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Folate deficiency
Iron deficiency
A 20-year-old female has an increase in eosinophils. When the patient wants to know the most likely
cause of the eosinophilia. What is the nurse's best response?
