UNDERSTANDING PATHO EXAM SUCCESS: ULTIMATE
A+, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
This is defined as a fully differentiated body part with specialized function:
organ
The loss of cell-mediated and humoral immunity in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is due to:
CD4 lymphocytes
Damage to cells resulting from frostbite is classified as which type of injury?
thermal
Which best describes the inflammatory response?
regulated by chemical mediators
Which is not a major goal of the inflammatory response?
Major goals: remove injured tissue, dilute harmful substances at the site of injury, increase in blood
flow to the site of injury
form an antigen-antibody response
Your mother has a clinic appointment for a possible infection and is told that she has a high monocyte
count. This implies:
She has a chronic infection
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is a screening test for which of the following conditions?
spinal bifida
Which of the following sets of clinical manifestations is most characteristic of influenza?
body aches, cough, sore throat
Which of the following is a manifestation of Down syndrome?
epicanthal eye folds
Which one of the following hemoglobin types is produced during sickle cell crisis?
HbS
Which is NOT a characteristic of resident flora?
characteristics: They live on nonsterile areas of the body, They do not cause harm to the body, they
provide a type of natural immunity
They do not compete with disease-producing microorganisms.
Which best describes why yeast infections are common in women on antibiotics?
, Destroying one type of resident flora (bacteria) can allow overproliferation of another competing type
(yeast).
Which is a complication of infection where pathogens gain access to the blood?
septicemia
All of the following describe communicable diseases except:
Communicable diseases are spread from person to person, Blood is a common carrier for
communicable disease, Communicable diseases are caused by infections that live and reproduce in a
human host
All infectious diseases are communicable
Common blood tests used to detect acute inflammation include all of the following except for which?
Tests: CRP (C-reactive protein), WBC (white blood cell count), ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
RBC (red blood cell count)
A person's genotype can be best described as:
the genetic makeup of an individual
Your sister underwent in-vitro fertilization 5 years ago and now she is concerned that she may be at
greater risk for the development of ovarian cancer. Her gynecologist recommends measuring a CA-125
level each year to determine elevated levels of this tumor marker. Which one of the following
statements is true of tumor markers?
Tumor marker measurements alone are not sufficient to diagnose cancer
Which of the following cell types is most likely to develop into a neoplasm?
epithelial
Sickle cell anemia follows which inheritance pattern?
autosomal recessive
Which is the most abundant class of immunoglobulins?
IgG
Which is not a mechanism of tumor spread?
Mechanisms: direct extension, seeding, local spread
angiogenesis
This is the lethal aspect of cancer:
metastasis
Your aunt is told that she has breast carcinoma "in situ." What does this mean?
The breast carcinoma is confied to the epithelium.
A+, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
This is defined as a fully differentiated body part with specialized function:
organ
The loss of cell-mediated and humoral immunity in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is due to:
CD4 lymphocytes
Damage to cells resulting from frostbite is classified as which type of injury?
thermal
Which best describes the inflammatory response?
regulated by chemical mediators
Which is not a major goal of the inflammatory response?
Major goals: remove injured tissue, dilute harmful substances at the site of injury, increase in blood
flow to the site of injury
form an antigen-antibody response
Your mother has a clinic appointment for a possible infection and is told that she has a high monocyte
count. This implies:
She has a chronic infection
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is a screening test for which of the following conditions?
spinal bifida
Which of the following sets of clinical manifestations is most characteristic of influenza?
body aches, cough, sore throat
Which of the following is a manifestation of Down syndrome?
epicanthal eye folds
Which one of the following hemoglobin types is produced during sickle cell crisis?
HbS
Which is NOT a characteristic of resident flora?
characteristics: They live on nonsterile areas of the body, They do not cause harm to the body, they
provide a type of natural immunity
They do not compete with disease-producing microorganisms.
Which best describes why yeast infections are common in women on antibiotics?
, Destroying one type of resident flora (bacteria) can allow overproliferation of another competing type
(yeast).
Which is a complication of infection where pathogens gain access to the blood?
septicemia
All of the following describe communicable diseases except:
Communicable diseases are spread from person to person, Blood is a common carrier for
communicable disease, Communicable diseases are caused by infections that live and reproduce in a
human host
All infectious diseases are communicable
Common blood tests used to detect acute inflammation include all of the following except for which?
Tests: CRP (C-reactive protein), WBC (white blood cell count), ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
RBC (red blood cell count)
A person's genotype can be best described as:
the genetic makeup of an individual
Your sister underwent in-vitro fertilization 5 years ago and now she is concerned that she may be at
greater risk for the development of ovarian cancer. Her gynecologist recommends measuring a CA-125
level each year to determine elevated levels of this tumor marker. Which one of the following
statements is true of tumor markers?
Tumor marker measurements alone are not sufficient to diagnose cancer
Which of the following cell types is most likely to develop into a neoplasm?
epithelial
Sickle cell anemia follows which inheritance pattern?
autosomal recessive
Which is the most abundant class of immunoglobulins?
IgG
Which is not a mechanism of tumor spread?
Mechanisms: direct extension, seeding, local spread
angiogenesis
This is the lethal aspect of cancer:
metastasis
Your aunt is told that she has breast carcinoma "in situ." What does this mean?
The breast carcinoma is confied to the epithelium.
