AADC/ADC EXAM SUCCESS; AN ULTIMATE A+
BREAKDOWN OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
individual psychology (Adlerian)
Adler's view that people are motivated by social interest, provides encouragement to help meet goals,
holistic rather than reductionist, we crave a sense of belonging. People are in charge of their fate, strive
towards goals.
Adulf Adler : Goals (idv psych)
Challenge mistaken goals and faulty assumptions.
Adulf Adler : Techniques (indv psych)
Variety of cognitive, behavioral and experimental techniques.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Goals (indv psych)
Develop client's sense of belonging.
Change behaviors that enhance feeling of community and social interest.
Increase sense of equality with others.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Techniques (indv psych)
Counselor is creative with techniques.
Analysis of family constellation.
Analysis of life style.
Analysis of early recollections
Homework Assignments.
Behavioral theories: Key Concepts
Behavior is the product of learning.
People are both the product and producers of environment.
Present focused.
Scientific and empirical
People are hedonistic
Classical Conditioning (pavolv)
Operant Conditioning ( skinner)
Social learning theory
Multimodal theory, (basic ID) (frued)
BF Skinner: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
G: Environmental Change
T: Education
Joseph Wolpe: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
, G: Change behavior
T: Reinforcement, scheduling, modeling,
Arnold Lazarus: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
G: Eliminate maladaptive behaviors.
T: Systematic desensitization
Albert Bandura: Goals and Techniques(behavioral)
G: Learn more effective behaviors
T: Relaxation techniques, Skills training, aversion therapy
Client Centered Therapy: Key Concepts
View of human is positive
inclination towards becoming fully functioning.
Client actualizes potential, moving toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self and inner
directness.
Focus on the present moment and on the experiencing and expressing feelings.
Client has capacity to resolve problems and is resourceful. Fully experiencing the present moment.
Mental health is a congruence of ideal self and real self.
Carl Rogers: Goals ( Client centered)
Provide sage climate conducive to client exploration. Clients to move toward self actualizing. Exploration
and inner growth.
Carl Roger: Techniques (client centered)
Attitude of counselor important. Therapeutic relationship is mechanism of change. Active listening and
hearing. Reflecting of feelings. Clarification. Being there for client. Not solving problems, but focusing on
the growth process.
Existential Therapy: Key Concepts
Focuses on the nature of the human condition. Highlights capacity for self awareness. We have the
freedom of choice to decide fate. Sense of self develops from infancy. Focus is on present and what one
is coming: future oriented. Stresses self awareness before action.
Existential (key figures)
Victor Frankl
Irvin Yalom
Rollo May
James Bugental
Existential ( Goals)
To help people see that they are free and become aware of their possibilities.
To challenge them to recognize that they are responsible for the events that they formerly thought were
BREAKDOWN OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
individual psychology (Adlerian)
Adler's view that people are motivated by social interest, provides encouragement to help meet goals,
holistic rather than reductionist, we crave a sense of belonging. People are in charge of their fate, strive
towards goals.
Adulf Adler : Goals (idv psych)
Challenge mistaken goals and faulty assumptions.
Adulf Adler : Techniques (indv psych)
Variety of cognitive, behavioral and experimental techniques.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Goals (indv psych)
Develop client's sense of belonging.
Change behaviors that enhance feeling of community and social interest.
Increase sense of equality with others.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Techniques (indv psych)
Counselor is creative with techniques.
Analysis of family constellation.
Analysis of life style.
Analysis of early recollections
Homework Assignments.
Behavioral theories: Key Concepts
Behavior is the product of learning.
People are both the product and producers of environment.
Present focused.
Scientific and empirical
People are hedonistic
Classical Conditioning (pavolv)
Operant Conditioning ( skinner)
Social learning theory
Multimodal theory, (basic ID) (frued)
BF Skinner: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
G: Environmental Change
T: Education
Joseph Wolpe: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
, G: Change behavior
T: Reinforcement, scheduling, modeling,
Arnold Lazarus: Goals and Techniques (behavioral)
G: Eliminate maladaptive behaviors.
T: Systematic desensitization
Albert Bandura: Goals and Techniques(behavioral)
G: Learn more effective behaviors
T: Relaxation techniques, Skills training, aversion therapy
Client Centered Therapy: Key Concepts
View of human is positive
inclination towards becoming fully functioning.
Client actualizes potential, moving toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self and inner
directness.
Focus on the present moment and on the experiencing and expressing feelings.
Client has capacity to resolve problems and is resourceful. Fully experiencing the present moment.
Mental health is a congruence of ideal self and real self.
Carl Rogers: Goals ( Client centered)
Provide sage climate conducive to client exploration. Clients to move toward self actualizing. Exploration
and inner growth.
Carl Roger: Techniques (client centered)
Attitude of counselor important. Therapeutic relationship is mechanism of change. Active listening and
hearing. Reflecting of feelings. Clarification. Being there for client. Not solving problems, but focusing on
the growth process.
Existential Therapy: Key Concepts
Focuses on the nature of the human condition. Highlights capacity for self awareness. We have the
freedom of choice to decide fate. Sense of self develops from infancy. Focus is on present and what one
is coming: future oriented. Stresses self awareness before action.
Existential (key figures)
Victor Frankl
Irvin Yalom
Rollo May
James Bugental
Existential ( Goals)
To help people see that they are free and become aware of their possibilities.
To challenge them to recognize that they are responsible for the events that they formerly thought were
