Examl 2:l NUR242l /l NURl 242l (NEWl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Medical-Surgicall
Nursingl Conceptsl Guide|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
QUESTION
Trousseau'sl sign
Answer:
hand/fingerl spasmsl withl sustainedl bloodl pressurel cuffl inflationl withl hypocalcemia
QUESTION
Chvostek'sl sign
Answer:
Cheek,l faciall spasml whenl Cheekl isl tappedl associatesl withl hypocalcemia
QUESTION
Hypocalcemial causes
Answer:
*Inadequatel dietaryl intakel ofl calcium*
*Inadequatel vitaminl Dl consumption*
Diarrhea
lactosintolerence
malabsorption
QUESTION
Hypocalcemial Treatment/Interventions
,Answer:
1l ampl ofl calciuml gluconate
quietl rooml
seizurel precautions
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial S/S
Answer:
"BACKME"
Bonel pain
Arrhythmias
Cardiacl arrest
Kidneyl stones
Musclel weakness
Excessivel urination
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial causes
Answer:
Hyperparathyroidism
Excessl calciuml supplementation
thyziadel diuretics
malignancy
kidneyl failure
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial treatment
Answer:
Eliminatel parenterall calcium
Administerl calciuml reducingl agentl (calcitonin)
Avoidl calciuml basedl antacids
IVl rehydration
,Renall dialysisl mayl bel required
QUESTION
Magnesiuml range
Answer:
1.5-2.5
QUESTION
Magnesiuml functionl inl body
Answer:
intracellular,l regulatesl BP,l bloodl sugar,l musclel contractionl andl nervel function
QUESTION
alwaysl measurel __l withl magnesium
Answer:
albuminl
albuminl isl lowl sol isl mag
QUESTION
Magnesiuml foodl sources
Answer:
Nuts,l legumes,l wholel grains,l darkl greenl vegetables,l seafood,l chocolate,l cocoa
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial causes
Answer:
Malnutrition
Diarrhea
*Alcoholism*
, Prolongedl gastricl suctioning
loopl andl thiazidel diaretics
Acutel pancreatitis
Diabeticl ketoacidosisl (metabolicl acidosis)
*Sepsis*
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial s/s
Answer:
everythingl isl firing
↑HR
↑BP
Shallowl Respirations
Tetany/Twitches/Seizures/Paresthesias
↑DTR
Irritability/Confusion
+l Trousseau'sl andl Chvostek's
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial treatment
Answer:
Administerl MgSO4l IV
Encouragel foodl highl inl magnesiuml (meat,l nuts,l legumes,l fish,l veggies)
monitorl for
seizures
depressionl
confusion
irrability
nystagmus
QUESTION
Hypermagnesemial S/S
Answer:
everythingl isl sedated
2025/l 2026l Update)l Medical-Surgicall
Nursingl Conceptsl Guide|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
QUESTION
Trousseau'sl sign
Answer:
hand/fingerl spasmsl withl sustainedl bloodl pressurel cuffl inflationl withl hypocalcemia
QUESTION
Chvostek'sl sign
Answer:
Cheek,l faciall spasml whenl Cheekl isl tappedl associatesl withl hypocalcemia
QUESTION
Hypocalcemial causes
Answer:
*Inadequatel dietaryl intakel ofl calcium*
*Inadequatel vitaminl Dl consumption*
Diarrhea
lactosintolerence
malabsorption
QUESTION
Hypocalcemial Treatment/Interventions
,Answer:
1l ampl ofl calciuml gluconate
quietl rooml
seizurel precautions
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial S/S
Answer:
"BACKME"
Bonel pain
Arrhythmias
Cardiacl arrest
Kidneyl stones
Musclel weakness
Excessivel urination
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial causes
Answer:
Hyperparathyroidism
Excessl calciuml supplementation
thyziadel diuretics
malignancy
kidneyl failure
QUESTION
Hypercalcemial treatment
Answer:
Eliminatel parenterall calcium
Administerl calciuml reducingl agentl (calcitonin)
Avoidl calciuml basedl antacids
IVl rehydration
,Renall dialysisl mayl bel required
QUESTION
Magnesiuml range
Answer:
1.5-2.5
QUESTION
Magnesiuml functionl inl body
Answer:
intracellular,l regulatesl BP,l bloodl sugar,l musclel contractionl andl nervel function
QUESTION
alwaysl measurel __l withl magnesium
Answer:
albuminl
albuminl isl lowl sol isl mag
QUESTION
Magnesiuml foodl sources
Answer:
Nuts,l legumes,l wholel grains,l darkl greenl vegetables,l seafood,l chocolate,l cocoa
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial causes
Answer:
Malnutrition
Diarrhea
*Alcoholism*
, Prolongedl gastricl suctioning
loopl andl thiazidel diaretics
Acutel pancreatitis
Diabeticl ketoacidosisl (metabolicl acidosis)
*Sepsis*
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial s/s
Answer:
everythingl isl firing
↑HR
↑BP
Shallowl Respirations
Tetany/Twitches/Seizures/Paresthesias
↑DTR
Irritability/Confusion
+l Trousseau'sl andl Chvostek's
QUESTION
Hypomagnesemial treatment
Answer:
Administerl MgSO4l IV
Encouragel foodl highl inl magnesiuml (meat,l nuts,l legumes,l fish,l veggies)
monitorl for
seizures
depressionl
confusion
irrability
nystagmus
QUESTION
Hypermagnesemial S/S
Answer:
everythingl isl sedated
