CRJS 1001: A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATES UNVAILED!
merton and the gap
gap between aspirations and means to achieve them
the morality curve
the best way to reduce too much power n the elite is to target frequent acts of immorality
inequality produces too much power for the elite
policy implications of the morality curve
inequality and opportunity structures: to commit crime
legitimate opportunity structures: to reduce crime
critiques of theories under the consensus approach
biological and psychological: -tautological reasoning
-stereotypes and prejudices against mental illness
labelling theory and differential association:
-is labelling applied accurately
-doesn't account for class, gendered or radicalized differences
social disorganization: ecological fallacy
social control:
-overlooks social conditioning like inequality, political or economic structures
strain theory:
-doesnt account for other social differences such as gender
-
consensus approach
law does represent the values and norms of society
symbolic interactionism
1. people act according to objects in their lives and the meanings
2. meanings emerge from interactions among people
3. meanings are applied and modified
deviant career: drift
few young people have strong commitment to deviance and therefore they drift between conventional
and deviant
the deviant career
, most important concept for interactionist theories of crime
primary deviation: commits deviant acts frequently but doesnt self identify
secondary deviation: becomes a way of life
moral rhetorics: claims and used to justify ones deviant behaviour
agents of social control
police, judges etc
moral entrepreneurs
people who advocate new rules and laws for the different enforcement of existing laws
deviant career contingencies
career contingency
continuance commitment
differential association
through interactions people learn the values and techniques of criminal behaviour
criminal identities and differential association
social category that deviants are placed
1. appearance, actions, etc.
2. community identification
policy implications of differential association
the lasting impact of a criminal identity
imprisonment and learning skills to become a criminal
victims
adult victims are more likely to be young, male and indigenous
repeat victimization: 40% of victims reported more than one victimizations in the past year
impact of victimization
-financial loss, physical injuries, emotional pain and trauma of crime victims are well documented
-harms to victims extends to family, friends
-costs for victims billions
needs of crime victims
1. right to recognition that they have been harmed
2. right to information about reparation, services, CJS process
3. right to assistance
4. right to reparation: financial recovery, restitution from the offender and compensation from the state
5. right to be protected from the accused
6. right to participation and representation in the criminal justice process
UPDATES UNVAILED!
merton and the gap
gap between aspirations and means to achieve them
the morality curve
the best way to reduce too much power n the elite is to target frequent acts of immorality
inequality produces too much power for the elite
policy implications of the morality curve
inequality and opportunity structures: to commit crime
legitimate opportunity structures: to reduce crime
critiques of theories under the consensus approach
biological and psychological: -tautological reasoning
-stereotypes and prejudices against mental illness
labelling theory and differential association:
-is labelling applied accurately
-doesn't account for class, gendered or radicalized differences
social disorganization: ecological fallacy
social control:
-overlooks social conditioning like inequality, political or economic structures
strain theory:
-doesnt account for other social differences such as gender
-
consensus approach
law does represent the values and norms of society
symbolic interactionism
1. people act according to objects in their lives and the meanings
2. meanings emerge from interactions among people
3. meanings are applied and modified
deviant career: drift
few young people have strong commitment to deviance and therefore they drift between conventional
and deviant
the deviant career
, most important concept for interactionist theories of crime
primary deviation: commits deviant acts frequently but doesnt self identify
secondary deviation: becomes a way of life
moral rhetorics: claims and used to justify ones deviant behaviour
agents of social control
police, judges etc
moral entrepreneurs
people who advocate new rules and laws for the different enforcement of existing laws
deviant career contingencies
career contingency
continuance commitment
differential association
through interactions people learn the values and techniques of criminal behaviour
criminal identities and differential association
social category that deviants are placed
1. appearance, actions, etc.
2. community identification
policy implications of differential association
the lasting impact of a criminal identity
imprisonment and learning skills to become a criminal
victims
adult victims are more likely to be young, male and indigenous
repeat victimization: 40% of victims reported more than one victimizations in the past year
impact of victimization
-financial loss, physical injuries, emotional pain and trauma of crime victims are well documented
-harms to victims extends to family, friends
-costs for victims billions
needs of crime victims
1. right to recognition that they have been harmed
2. right to information about reparation, services, CJS process
3. right to assistance
4. right to reparation: financial recovery, restitution from the offender and compensation from the state
5. right to be protected from the accused
6. right to participation and representation in the criminal justice process
