CRJS 1001: A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATES UNVAILED!
Strain Theory
Sees emotional turmoil and conflict as resulting from individuals' inability to achieve socially approved
goals through legitimate means
Symbolic Interactionism
A sociological approach to studying behaviour focusing on the symbolic value of words and gestures in
everyday social interactions
Differential Association Theory
A sociological theory that holds that criminal behaviour is socially learned through frequent exposure to
negative influences
Differential Reinforcement Theory
A sociological theory that sees crime as a learned behaviour reinforced by its consequences
Labelling Theory
A sociological explanation of crime that proposes that negative labelling can predispose people to feel
like outcasts, increasing the likelihood of further deviant or criminal behaviour
Moral Entrepreneurs
Individuals who use their power and/or influence to shape the legal system to their advantage
Primary Deviance
Acts or behaviours that run counter to societal norms but that have not been socially recognized or
labelled as deviant
Secondary Deviance
Deviant acts or behaviour that result from labelling
Peacemaking Theory
A humanistic approach to crime control that emphasizes reconciliation through mediation and dispute
settlement, rather than punishment and retribution
Feminist Perspective
A general term for any of a variety of sociological approaches to the study of crime that focus on female
offenders and victims, emphasize the patriarchal bias in society, and call for greater equality between
the genders both in the criminal justice system and in theory construction
Left-Realism
, A theoretical approach that focuses on crime prevention strategies and the implications of crime control
policies rather than the causes of crime.
Abduction
The illegal apprehension of another person for the purpose of financial gain, retribution, or personal or
political gain
Hate Crime
A crime in which the perpetrator's conduct is motivated by bias, hatred, or prejudice regarding the
actual or perceived race, colour, religion, national origin, gender disability, or sexual orientation of
another group
Violent Crime
A general category of crime that includes homicide, attempted murder, robbery, assault, and other
mostly indictable offences that involve the physical violation of a person
Homicide
The act of causing the death of another person, whether directly or indirectly, by an unlawful act or by
negligence
General Theory of Crime
A sociological perspective asserting that criminal behaviour is a product of defective socialization
processes that make it difficult for a potential offender to exercise self-control
Power-Control Theory
A sociological perspective that focuses on how power dynamics, patriarchy, and gender role socialization
within the family contribute to delinquency and crime.
Recidivism
The act of reoffending (especially repeatedly) on the part of a convicted criminal
Date Rape
A form of sexual assault that involves unlawfully coercing sexual interactions with someone against their
will within the context of a dating relationship
Honour Killing
Homicide committed against a relative (usually female) who has supposedly brought dishonour upon the
family, typically through a relationship with a person of whom the family doesn't approve
Terrorism
The use of propaganda, violence, or dangerous acts against an organization or state in order to obtain
concessions or rewards for a deeply held personal or political cause
Property Crime
UPDATES UNVAILED!
Strain Theory
Sees emotional turmoil and conflict as resulting from individuals' inability to achieve socially approved
goals through legitimate means
Symbolic Interactionism
A sociological approach to studying behaviour focusing on the symbolic value of words and gestures in
everyday social interactions
Differential Association Theory
A sociological theory that holds that criminal behaviour is socially learned through frequent exposure to
negative influences
Differential Reinforcement Theory
A sociological theory that sees crime as a learned behaviour reinforced by its consequences
Labelling Theory
A sociological explanation of crime that proposes that negative labelling can predispose people to feel
like outcasts, increasing the likelihood of further deviant or criminal behaviour
Moral Entrepreneurs
Individuals who use their power and/or influence to shape the legal system to their advantage
Primary Deviance
Acts or behaviours that run counter to societal norms but that have not been socially recognized or
labelled as deviant
Secondary Deviance
Deviant acts or behaviour that result from labelling
Peacemaking Theory
A humanistic approach to crime control that emphasizes reconciliation through mediation and dispute
settlement, rather than punishment and retribution
Feminist Perspective
A general term for any of a variety of sociological approaches to the study of crime that focus on female
offenders and victims, emphasize the patriarchal bias in society, and call for greater equality between
the genders both in the criminal justice system and in theory construction
Left-Realism
, A theoretical approach that focuses on crime prevention strategies and the implications of crime control
policies rather than the causes of crime.
Abduction
The illegal apprehension of another person for the purpose of financial gain, retribution, or personal or
political gain
Hate Crime
A crime in which the perpetrator's conduct is motivated by bias, hatred, or prejudice regarding the
actual or perceived race, colour, religion, national origin, gender disability, or sexual orientation of
another group
Violent Crime
A general category of crime that includes homicide, attempted murder, robbery, assault, and other
mostly indictable offences that involve the physical violation of a person
Homicide
The act of causing the death of another person, whether directly or indirectly, by an unlawful act or by
negligence
General Theory of Crime
A sociological perspective asserting that criminal behaviour is a product of defective socialization
processes that make it difficult for a potential offender to exercise self-control
Power-Control Theory
A sociological perspective that focuses on how power dynamics, patriarchy, and gender role socialization
within the family contribute to delinquency and crime.
Recidivism
The act of reoffending (especially repeatedly) on the part of a convicted criminal
Date Rape
A form of sexual assault that involves unlawfully coercing sexual interactions with someone against their
will within the context of a dating relationship
Honour Killing
Homicide committed against a relative (usually female) who has supposedly brought dishonour upon the
family, typically through a relationship with a person of whom the family doesn't approve
Terrorism
The use of propaganda, violence, or dangerous acts against an organization or state in order to obtain
concessions or rewards for a deeply held personal or political cause
Property Crime
