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Functions of Crime
Crime reinforces societal values and prompts reforms.
Weaknesses of Social Disorganization Theories
Overgeneralized crime connections and committed ecological fallacy.
Strain Theory and the 5 adaptations
Conformity
Innovation
Ritualism
Retreatism
Rebellion
Strain Theory
A sociological perspective that explains deviance as a result of the disconnect between societal goals
and the means available to achieve them.
Cohen's Subcultural Theory
Non-utilitarian crimes arise from youth subcultures. Crime happens "for the hell of it"
Social Control Theory (4 attachments)
Attachment: emotional ties to people
Commitment: the time and energy spent to achieve a goal
Involvement: the amount someone is willing to participate in conventional activities
Belief: Acceptance to a board of values by society (not directly associated with religion)
Social Control Theory
Crime occurs when societal bonds weaken. The types of bonds are attachment, commitment,
involvement, and belief. Asks why don't people commit crimes
Labeling Theory (3 sections of deviance)
Primary Deviance: Minor deviant acts without self-identification as deviant