ABFM HYPERSTENSION EXAM: A+ GUIDE WITH LATEST
KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What 3 findings of PE would you expect with an aortic dissection
1. Difference in carotid pulses
2. Early diastolic decrescendo murmur best heard at left 3rd intercostal space
3. Differences in bp between both arms.
What 2 bp meds should not be used within 24 hours of an ami?
1. Enalaprit
2. Short acting nifedipine
What is the first line agent to treat htn in a patient with cocaine induced agitation?
1. Benzodiazepine - Ativan
Lifestyle interventions that lower bp ranked by effectiveness. Also give bp drop for each intervention.
1. DASH diet - 11
2. Aerobic exercise - 5-8
3. reduce NA <1500 mg/day - 5-6
4. Reducing etoh intake - 2
5. Increase K+ intake
How is HTN defined in patients under 13 years of age
Repeated bps > 95%
Medications appropriate for treating htn in pregnancy
1. Labetalol
2. Methyldopa
3. Nifedipine ER - Procardia
What condition can be exacerbated with diuretic use - especially in men
Gout
What labs should be done in pediatric patients with htn. What if obese?
1. Metabolic panel, urinalysis, and lipid profile
2. hgba1c, lfts, echo
When is it appropriate not to do a work up for secondary htn in children <6 years of age
If they are obese or have a family history of htn. but they should have renal ultrasonography
Most common cause of htn in preadolescent children
Renal parenchymal dz
KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What 3 findings of PE would you expect with an aortic dissection
1. Difference in carotid pulses
2. Early diastolic decrescendo murmur best heard at left 3rd intercostal space
3. Differences in bp between both arms.
What 2 bp meds should not be used within 24 hours of an ami?
1. Enalaprit
2. Short acting nifedipine
What is the first line agent to treat htn in a patient with cocaine induced agitation?
1. Benzodiazepine - Ativan
Lifestyle interventions that lower bp ranked by effectiveness. Also give bp drop for each intervention.
1. DASH diet - 11
2. Aerobic exercise - 5-8
3. reduce NA <1500 mg/day - 5-6
4. Reducing etoh intake - 2
5. Increase K+ intake
How is HTN defined in patients under 13 years of age
Repeated bps > 95%
Medications appropriate for treating htn in pregnancy
1. Labetalol
2. Methyldopa
3. Nifedipine ER - Procardia
What condition can be exacerbated with diuretic use - especially in men
Gout
What labs should be done in pediatric patients with htn. What if obese?
1. Metabolic panel, urinalysis, and lipid profile
2. hgba1c, lfts, echo
When is it appropriate not to do a work up for secondary htn in children <6 years of age
If they are obese or have a family history of htn. but they should have renal ultrasonography
Most common cause of htn in preadolescent children
Renal parenchymal dz
