ABFM HYPERSTENSION EXAM: A+ GUIDE WITH LATEST
KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Remission in alcohol use disorder
Early (3-12m), Sustained (>12m)
Groups with highest prevalence of syphilis
Men who have sex with men
Features of foetal alcohol syndrome
In addition to clinodactyly (curved 5th finger), it is also associated with camptodactyly (flexion deformity
of the fingers), other flexion contractures, radioulnar synostosis, scoliosis, and spinal malformations.
Avulsion tuberosity fracture of proximal 5th metatarsal
Treatment of nondisplaced tuberosity avulsion fractures is conservative. Options include elastic
wrapping, ankle splints and low-profile walking boots or casts. Weight bearing is allowed as tolerated.
Treatment should be continued until symptoms abate—usually within three to six weeks.
Treatment of depression associated with erectile dysfunction
Bupropion or Mirtazapine
Treatment of menopausal symptoms
Black cohosh
Diagnostic criteria for PCOS
NEED 2 OF 3
- Oligo or anovulation
- Clinical/biochem signs of hyperandrogenism
- Sonographic evidence of polycytic ovary
Indication for carotid endarterectomy
>70% stenosis of carotid vessels for symptomatic patient
Ringed appearance of oesophagus
Is indicative of eosinophilic oesophagitis to treat with PPIs
Medication that increases risk of osteoporosis
Ranitidine, Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
Greatest modifiable risk factor of AAA
Cigarette smoking
Immunotherapy can prevent recurrence of severe allergic reactions triggered by
,Wasp (insect) stings
Infant factor to look out for in potential breastfeeding issues
Dimpled cheeks, chin not pressed against breast, chalky stools
Which disorder of sexual development is associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer,
coeliac disease, and structural heart defects?
Turner's syndrome
- Karyotyping
Treatment of life-threatening heat stroke
Aggressive ice water immersion
Colonoscopy after 75 years old
The decision to screen for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years should be an individual one,
taking into account the patient's overall health and prior screening history. Adults in this age group who
have never been screened for colorectal cancer are more likely to benefit. Screening would be most
appropriate among adults who 1) are healthy enough to undergo treatment if colorectal cancer is
detected and 2) do not have comorbid conditions that would significantly limit their life expectancy.
Peripheral blood film character in B12 deficiency
Hypersegmented polymorphonuclear WBCs
Biopsy proven coeliac disease monitoring after being on gluten-free diet
IgA Tissue Transglutaminase antibody
Hypokalaemia in DKA due to insulin causing K being pushed into cells
Potassium replacement
Buprenorphine therapy should be initiated when patient is in mild to moderate withdrawal from
opioids
Patents with opioids in their bloodstream or who are not in the early stages of withdrawal, may
experience acute withdrawal.
Pregnancy related dental disorders
Cavities, gingivitis, loose teeth, periodontitis, tooth erosion
What can help to delay definitive surgical therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome?
Corticosteroid injections
What to do after a tick bite to prevent Lyme disease?
, Doxycycline 200mg once or Amoxicillin
- This is only recommended for tick attachment longer than 36 hours, or of unknown duration.
At what grade level should health care materials be written?
At what age should a child's Hb be checked as recommended by the AAP?
12 months
Antibiotic that increases risk of AAA rupture
Fluoroquinolones (floxacins)
An otherwise healthy 55-year-old male who is visiting from Arizona presents to your office with a 4-
week history of intermittent fevers, night sweats, dry cough, weight loss, and myalgia. The patient has
no other recent history of travel.
Valley Fever (medical name coccidioidomycosis or "cocci" for short) is an infection in the lungs caused by
the fungus coccidioides spp., which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures
and moderate winter temperatures, such as: throughout Arizona, the San Joaquin and Central Valleys of
California, southern parts of Nevada, New Mexico and western Texas, east-central Utah, south-eastern
Washington, and the semiarid and arid soils of Central and South America.
First-line pharmacotherapy for diabetic gastroparesis
Metoclopramide, Erythromycin
Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT) in STDs
Treating the sex partners of patients diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea by providing prescriptions
or medications to the patient to take to his/her partner without the health care provider first examining
the partner.
Antibiotic time-out
Occurs 48-72h after first administration, part of antibiotic stewardship programme to ensure judicious
use.
Prehn's sign
Physical lifting of the testicles relieves the pain of epididymitis but not pain caused by testicular torsion.
Treatment of epididymitis
Bed rest, antibiotics (Levofloxacin), scrotal support, and ice compresses.
A healthy 2-month-old female is brought to your office for a routine well baby examination by both of
her parents, who have no concerns. The parents refuse routine recommended vaccines for their
daughter because of their personal beliefs. You want to incorporate patient-centeredness and are also
concerned about improving the health of the population. You decide to follow the CDC
recommendations by?
KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Remission in alcohol use disorder
Early (3-12m), Sustained (>12m)
Groups with highest prevalence of syphilis
Men who have sex with men
Features of foetal alcohol syndrome
In addition to clinodactyly (curved 5th finger), it is also associated with camptodactyly (flexion deformity
of the fingers), other flexion contractures, radioulnar synostosis, scoliosis, and spinal malformations.
Avulsion tuberosity fracture of proximal 5th metatarsal
Treatment of nondisplaced tuberosity avulsion fractures is conservative. Options include elastic
wrapping, ankle splints and low-profile walking boots or casts. Weight bearing is allowed as tolerated.
Treatment should be continued until symptoms abate—usually within three to six weeks.
Treatment of depression associated with erectile dysfunction
Bupropion or Mirtazapine
Treatment of menopausal symptoms
Black cohosh
Diagnostic criteria for PCOS
NEED 2 OF 3
- Oligo or anovulation
- Clinical/biochem signs of hyperandrogenism
- Sonographic evidence of polycytic ovary
Indication for carotid endarterectomy
>70% stenosis of carotid vessels for symptomatic patient
Ringed appearance of oesophagus
Is indicative of eosinophilic oesophagitis to treat with PPIs
Medication that increases risk of osteoporosis
Ranitidine, Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
Greatest modifiable risk factor of AAA
Cigarette smoking
Immunotherapy can prevent recurrence of severe allergic reactions triggered by
,Wasp (insect) stings
Infant factor to look out for in potential breastfeeding issues
Dimpled cheeks, chin not pressed against breast, chalky stools
Which disorder of sexual development is associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer,
coeliac disease, and structural heart defects?
Turner's syndrome
- Karyotyping
Treatment of life-threatening heat stroke
Aggressive ice water immersion
Colonoscopy after 75 years old
The decision to screen for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years should be an individual one,
taking into account the patient's overall health and prior screening history. Adults in this age group who
have never been screened for colorectal cancer are more likely to benefit. Screening would be most
appropriate among adults who 1) are healthy enough to undergo treatment if colorectal cancer is
detected and 2) do not have comorbid conditions that would significantly limit their life expectancy.
Peripheral blood film character in B12 deficiency
Hypersegmented polymorphonuclear WBCs
Biopsy proven coeliac disease monitoring after being on gluten-free diet
IgA Tissue Transglutaminase antibody
Hypokalaemia in DKA due to insulin causing K being pushed into cells
Potassium replacement
Buprenorphine therapy should be initiated when patient is in mild to moderate withdrawal from
opioids
Patents with opioids in their bloodstream or who are not in the early stages of withdrawal, may
experience acute withdrawal.
Pregnancy related dental disorders
Cavities, gingivitis, loose teeth, periodontitis, tooth erosion
What can help to delay definitive surgical therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome?
Corticosteroid injections
What to do after a tick bite to prevent Lyme disease?
, Doxycycline 200mg once or Amoxicillin
- This is only recommended for tick attachment longer than 36 hours, or of unknown duration.
At what grade level should health care materials be written?
At what age should a child's Hb be checked as recommended by the AAP?
12 months
Antibiotic that increases risk of AAA rupture
Fluoroquinolones (floxacins)
An otherwise healthy 55-year-old male who is visiting from Arizona presents to your office with a 4-
week history of intermittent fevers, night sweats, dry cough, weight loss, and myalgia. The patient has
no other recent history of travel.
Valley Fever (medical name coccidioidomycosis or "cocci" for short) is an infection in the lungs caused by
the fungus coccidioides spp., which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures
and moderate winter temperatures, such as: throughout Arizona, the San Joaquin and Central Valleys of
California, southern parts of Nevada, New Mexico and western Texas, east-central Utah, south-eastern
Washington, and the semiarid and arid soils of Central and South America.
First-line pharmacotherapy for diabetic gastroparesis
Metoclopramide, Erythromycin
Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT) in STDs
Treating the sex partners of patients diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea by providing prescriptions
or medications to the patient to take to his/her partner without the health care provider first examining
the partner.
Antibiotic time-out
Occurs 48-72h after first administration, part of antibiotic stewardship programme to ensure judicious
use.
Prehn's sign
Physical lifting of the testicles relieves the pain of epididymitis but not pain caused by testicular torsion.
Treatment of epididymitis
Bed rest, antibiotics (Levofloxacin), scrotal support, and ice compresses.
A healthy 2-month-old female is brought to your office for a routine well baby examination by both of
her parents, who have no concerns. The parents refuse routine recommended vaccines for their
daughter because of their personal beliefs. You want to incorporate patient-centeredness and are also
concerned about improving the health of the population. You decide to follow the CDC
recommendations by?
