NUR410 Burns Exam Questions and
Answers 2025 Latest Update Already
Graded A+.
functions of skin
protection, prevention of fluid loss, body temperature regulation, excretory organ, sensory organ,
vitamin D production, determines identity
Layers of skin
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue
epidermis
thin outer layer, dead cells on surface form protective barrier
dermis
connective tissue, highly vascular, nerve, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, pain associates with burns
at this layer
subcutaneous tissue
attaches to muscle and bone
highest fatality rates r/t burns
<4 or >65 r/t escapability, body surface area, immune system, skin
burn definition
,injury to the skin/other tissues of the body caused by heat, chemicals, electrical current, or radiation
types of burns
thermal, chemical, smoke inhalation, electrical, radiation, cold thermal (frostbite)
thermal burns
Caused by flame, flash, scald, or contact with hot objects
Most common type of burn
severity of injury depends on temperature of agent and duration of contact time
acids
hydrochloric: tile, toilet, pool cleaners
hydrofluoric: metal cleaners, rust removers
oxalic: paint, varnish, tarnish removers
alkalis
cement, oven/drain/heavy metal cleaners
What type of chemical burn is hardest to manage
alkalis due to protein hydrolysis, deeper penetration of skin, and melting; continues to cause
damage under skin even though chemical appears to be washed off
organic compounds
phenols (disinfectants) and petroleum products -- long term exposure to cleaning products
, smoke inhalation injuries
From breathing noxious chemicals or hot air can cause damage to the respiratory tract
Rapid initial/ongoing assessment critical (airway compromise and pulmonary edema)
types of smoke inhalation injuries
upper airway, lower airway, metabolic asphyxiation
Smoke inhalation: upper airway injury
- injury to mouth pharynx, and or larynx
- thermal burns, inhalation of hot air, steam, and smoke
- mucosal burns of oropharynx and larynx manifested by redness, blistering, and edema
- swelling may have a rapid onset AIRWAY EMERGENCY
- could intubate even if still talking before swelling closes airways
- eschar and edema may compromise breathing
- face/neck burns and edema can be lethal
- internal pressure from edema may narrow airway
Smoke inhalation: lower airway injury
- injury to trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli
- tissue damage r/t duration of exposure
- pulmonary edema may not appear until 12-48 hours after the burn (may manifest as ARDS)
Assessment for lower airway injury
facial burns, singed nasal hair, hoarseness, painful swallowing, darkened oral and nasal membranes,
carbonaceous sputum, history of being burned in enclosed space, clothing burns around neck and
chest
Answers 2025 Latest Update Already
Graded A+.
functions of skin
protection, prevention of fluid loss, body temperature regulation, excretory organ, sensory organ,
vitamin D production, determines identity
Layers of skin
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue
epidermis
thin outer layer, dead cells on surface form protective barrier
dermis
connective tissue, highly vascular, nerve, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, pain associates with burns
at this layer
subcutaneous tissue
attaches to muscle and bone
highest fatality rates r/t burns
<4 or >65 r/t escapability, body surface area, immune system, skin
burn definition
,injury to the skin/other tissues of the body caused by heat, chemicals, electrical current, or radiation
types of burns
thermal, chemical, smoke inhalation, electrical, radiation, cold thermal (frostbite)
thermal burns
Caused by flame, flash, scald, or contact with hot objects
Most common type of burn
severity of injury depends on temperature of agent and duration of contact time
acids
hydrochloric: tile, toilet, pool cleaners
hydrofluoric: metal cleaners, rust removers
oxalic: paint, varnish, tarnish removers
alkalis
cement, oven/drain/heavy metal cleaners
What type of chemical burn is hardest to manage
alkalis due to protein hydrolysis, deeper penetration of skin, and melting; continues to cause
damage under skin even though chemical appears to be washed off
organic compounds
phenols (disinfectants) and petroleum products -- long term exposure to cleaning products
, smoke inhalation injuries
From breathing noxious chemicals or hot air can cause damage to the respiratory tract
Rapid initial/ongoing assessment critical (airway compromise and pulmonary edema)
types of smoke inhalation injuries
upper airway, lower airway, metabolic asphyxiation
Smoke inhalation: upper airway injury
- injury to mouth pharynx, and or larynx
- thermal burns, inhalation of hot air, steam, and smoke
- mucosal burns of oropharynx and larynx manifested by redness, blistering, and edema
- swelling may have a rapid onset AIRWAY EMERGENCY
- could intubate even if still talking before swelling closes airways
- eschar and edema may compromise breathing
- face/neck burns and edema can be lethal
- internal pressure from edema may narrow airway
Smoke inhalation: lower airway injury
- injury to trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli
- tissue damage r/t duration of exposure
- pulmonary edema may not appear until 12-48 hours after the burn (may manifest as ARDS)
Assessment for lower airway injury
facial burns, singed nasal hair, hoarseness, painful swallowing, darkened oral and nasal membranes,
carbonaceous sputum, history of being burned in enclosed space, clothing burns around neck and
chest
