BIOL3200 CHAPTER 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Microbe/Microorganism
organisms too small to be seen clearly by the naked eye
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells
do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Carolus Linnaeus
"Father of Taxonomy"
Developed binomial nomenclature; said microbes do not fit the classic definition of a
species
2 challenges early taxonimists faced as they attempted to classify microbes:
1. resolution of the light microscope was too low
2. microbial species were hard to define
Ernst Haeckel
first proposed the taxon Monera (Protista) as a phylum; stated microbes are neither
plant nor animal
Herbert Copeland
divided Monera into two groups based on presence of a nucleus: Eukaryotic protists
and Prokaryotic bacteria
Robert Whittaker
, established the five kingdom classification system, adding Fungi as the fifth kingdom
Carl Woese
compared ribosomal RNA sequences and proposed that archaea are not the same as
bacteria and constituted a third domain of life
Phylogenetic Tree
based on comparisons of small subunit rRNA; archaea and Eukarya evolved
independently of bacteria
The length of each branch in the phylogenetic tree approximates
____________________.
the time of divergence from the last common ancestor
Lynn Margulis
modified the five kingdom system; created the Endosymbiotic Theory
Endosymbiotic Theory
accepted as the origin of several eukaryotic organelles, including mitochondria,
chloroplasts, and hydrogenosomes; states that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved
by endosymbiosis from prokaryotic cells
endosymbiosis
interaction between two organisms in which one organism lived inside the other
Chloroplasts are believed to have evolved by endosymbiosis from
____________________.
cyanobacteria
Mitochondria DNA is believed to have evolved by endosymbiosis from
__________________.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Microbe/Microorganism
organisms too small to be seen clearly by the naked eye
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells
do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Carolus Linnaeus
"Father of Taxonomy"
Developed binomial nomenclature; said microbes do not fit the classic definition of a
species
2 challenges early taxonimists faced as they attempted to classify microbes:
1. resolution of the light microscope was too low
2. microbial species were hard to define
Ernst Haeckel
first proposed the taxon Monera (Protista) as a phylum; stated microbes are neither
plant nor animal
Herbert Copeland
divided Monera into two groups based on presence of a nucleus: Eukaryotic protists
and Prokaryotic bacteria
Robert Whittaker
, established the five kingdom classification system, adding Fungi as the fifth kingdom
Carl Woese
compared ribosomal RNA sequences and proposed that archaea are not the same as
bacteria and constituted a third domain of life
Phylogenetic Tree
based on comparisons of small subunit rRNA; archaea and Eukarya evolved
independently of bacteria
The length of each branch in the phylogenetic tree approximates
____________________.
the time of divergence from the last common ancestor
Lynn Margulis
modified the five kingdom system; created the Endosymbiotic Theory
Endosymbiotic Theory
accepted as the origin of several eukaryotic organelles, including mitochondria,
chloroplasts, and hydrogenosomes; states that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved
by endosymbiosis from prokaryotic cells
endosymbiosis
interaction between two organisms in which one organism lived inside the other
Chloroplasts are believed to have evolved by endosymbiosis from
____________________.
cyanobacteria
Mitochondria DNA is believed to have evolved by endosymbiosis from
__________________.
