TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
MULTIPLEdCHOICE
1. Adstudentdisdobservingdadcelldunderdthedmicroscope.dItdisdobserveddtodhavedsupercoileddDNAd
withdhistones.dWhichdofdthedfollowingdwoulddalsodbedobserveddbydthedstudent?
a. Adsingledcirculardchromosome
b. Adnucleus
c. Free-floatingdnucleardmaterial
d. Nodorganelles
ANS:d B
Thedcellddescribeddisdadeukaryoticdcell,dsoditdhasdhistonesdanddadsupercoileddDNAdwithinditsdn
ucleus;dthus,dthednucleusdshoulddbedobserved.dAdsingledcirculardchromosomedcalleddadprokar
yotedcontainsdfree-floatingdnucleardmaterialdbutdhasdnodorganelles.
REF:d p.d2
2. Adnursedisdinstructingdthedstaffdaboutdcellulardfunctions.dWhichdcellulardfunctiondisdthednursedd
escribingdwhendandisolateddcelldabsorbsdoxygendanddusesditdtodtransformdnutrientsdtodenergy?
a. Metabolicdabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:d D
Thedcell’sdabilitydtodabsorbdoxygendisdreferreddtodasdrespirationdwhileditsdcommunicationdabilitydi
nvolvesdmaintenancedofdadsteadyddynamicdstate,dmetabolicdabsorptiondprovidesdnutrition,danddse
cretiondallowsdfordthedsynthesizingdofdnewdsubstances.
REF:d p.d2
3. AdeukaryoticdcelldisdundergoingdDNAdreplication.dIndwhichdregiondofdthedcelldwoulddmostdofdt
hedgeneticdinformationdbedcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleusdCytoplasm
ANS:d C
Thedregiondofdthedcelldthatdcontainsdgeneticdmaterial,dincludingdadlargedamountdofdribonucleicda
cid,dmostdofdthedDNA,danddDNA-
bindingdproteins,disdthednucleolus,dwhichdisdlocateddwithindthedcell’sdnucleus.dMitochondriadisd
associateddwithdcellulardrespiration,dwhiledribosomesdaredinvolveddwithdproteindmanufacturin
g.dCytoplasmdisdadfluiddfillingdthatdisdadcomponentdofdthedcell.
REF:d p.d2
,TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
4. Whichdofdthedfollowingdcandremovedproteinsdattacheddtodthedcell’sdbilayerdbyddissolvingdthedl
ayerditself?
a. Peripheraldmembranedproteins
b. Integraldmembranedproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celldadhesiondmolecules
ANS:d B
Proteinsddirectlydattacheddtodthedmembranedbilayerdcandbedremoveddbydthedactiondofdintegraldme
mbranedproteinsdthatddissolvedthedbilayer.dPeripheraldmembranedproteinsdresidedatdthedsurfaced
whiledcelldadhesiondmoleculesdaredondthedoutsidedofdthedmembrane.dGlycoproteindmarksdcellsda
ndddoesdnotd float.
REF:d p.d7
5. Whichdofdthedfollowingdcandbinddtodplasmadmembranedreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicdlipids
d. Ligands
ANS:d D
Ligandsdaredthedonlydspecificdmoleculesdthatdcandbinddwithdreceptorsdondthedcelldmembrane.
REF:d p.d9
6. Adnursedisdreviewingdadreportdfromdadpatientdwithdmetastaticdcancer.dWhatdalternationdindthede
xtracellulardmatrixdwoulddsuN RrtdS
ppoU IdN
dth G
iagnBo.
edddT siC
sdofM
metastaticdcancer?
a. Decreaseddfibronectin
b. Increaseddcollagen
c. Decreaseddelastin
d. Increaseddglycoproteins
ANS:d A
Onlydadreduceddamountdofdfibronectindisdfounddindsomedtypesdofdcancerousdcells,dallowingdt
hemdtodtraveldordmetastasize.
REF:d p.d10
7. Whichdformdofdcelldcommunicationdisduseddtodrelatedtodotherdcellsdinddirectdphysicaldcontact?
a. Celldjunction
b. Gapdjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tightdjunction
ANS:d A
Celldjunctionsdholddcellsdtogetherdanddpermitdmoleculesdtodpassdfromdcelldtodcell.
Gapdjunctionsdallowdfordcellulardcommunicationdbetweendcells.dNeitherddesmosomesdnordtightdj
unctionsdaredassociateddwithdcellulardcommunication.
REF:d p.d11
,TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
8. Pancreaticdbetadcellsdsecretedinsulin,dwhichdinhibitsdsecretiondofdglucagondfromdneighboringda
lphadcells.dThisdactiondisdandexampledofdwhichdofdthedfollowingdsignalingdtypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:d A
Paracrinedsignalingdinvolvesdthedreleasedofdlocaldchemicaldmediatorsdthatdaredquicklydtakendup,dd
estroyed,dordimmobilized,dasdindthedcasedofdinsulindanddthedinhibitiondofdthedsecretiondofdglucago
n.dNonedofdthedotherdoptionsdinvolvedsignalingdthatdisdassociateddwithdadlocaldchemicaldmediatord
likedinsulin.
REF:d p.d12
9. Indcellulardmetabolism,deachdenzymedhasdadhighdaffinitydforda:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:d B
Eachdenzymedhasdadhighdaffinitydfordadsubstrate,dadspecificdsubstancedconverteddtodadproductdofdt
hedreaction.dCellulardmetabolismdisdnotddependentdondandattractiondbetweendandenzymedanddanyd
ofdthedremainingdoptions.
REF:d p.d16
10. Andathletedrunsdadmarathon,dafterdwhichdhisdmusclesdfeeldfatigueddanddunabledtodcontract.dThedat
hletedasksdthednursedwhydthisdhappened.dThednurse’sdresponsedisdbaseddondthedknowledgedthatdthe
dproblemdisdresultdofdaddeficiencydof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:d C
WhendATPdisddeficient,dimpaireddmuscledcontractiondresults.dNonedofdthedotherdoptionsdaredi
nvolveddindmuscledcontraction.
REF:d p.d16
11. WhichdphasedofdcatabolismdproducesdthedmostdATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citricdaciddcycle
ANS:d D
WhiledsomedATPdisdproduceddduringdthedoxidationdanddglycolysisdphases,dmostdofdthedATPdis
, TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
generateddduringdthedcitricdaciddcycle.dDigestionddoesdnotdproducedanydATP.
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
MULTIPLEdCHOICE
1. Adstudentdisdobservingdadcelldunderdthedmicroscope.dItdisdobserveddtodhavedsupercoileddDNAd
withdhistones.dWhichdofdthedfollowingdwoulddalsodbedobserveddbydthedstudent?
a. Adsingledcirculardchromosome
b. Adnucleus
c. Free-floatingdnucleardmaterial
d. Nodorganelles
ANS:d B
Thedcellddescribeddisdadeukaryoticdcell,dsoditdhasdhistonesdanddadsupercoileddDNAdwithinditsdn
ucleus;dthus,dthednucleusdshoulddbedobserved.dAdsingledcirculardchromosomedcalleddadprokar
yotedcontainsdfree-floatingdnucleardmaterialdbutdhasdnodorganelles.
REF:d p.d2
2. Adnursedisdinstructingdthedstaffdaboutdcellulardfunctions.dWhichdcellulardfunctiondisdthednursedd
escribingdwhendandisolateddcelldabsorbsdoxygendanddusesditdtodtransformdnutrientsdtodenergy?
a. Metabolicdabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:d D
Thedcell’sdabilitydtodabsorbdoxygendisdreferreddtodasdrespirationdwhileditsdcommunicationdabilitydi
nvolvesdmaintenancedofdadsteadyddynamicdstate,dmetabolicdabsorptiondprovidesdnutrition,danddse
cretiondallowsdfordthedsynthesizingdofdnewdsubstances.
REF:d p.d2
3. AdeukaryoticdcelldisdundergoingdDNAdreplication.dIndwhichdregiondofdthedcelldwoulddmostdofdt
hedgeneticdinformationdbedcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleusdCytoplasm
ANS:d C
Thedregiondofdthedcelldthatdcontainsdgeneticdmaterial,dincludingdadlargedamountdofdribonucleicda
cid,dmostdofdthedDNA,danddDNA-
bindingdproteins,disdthednucleolus,dwhichdisdlocateddwithindthedcell’sdnucleus.dMitochondriadisd
associateddwithdcellulardrespiration,dwhiledribosomesdaredinvolveddwithdproteindmanufacturin
g.dCytoplasmdisdadfluiddfillingdthatdisdadcomponentdofdthedcell.
REF:d p.d2
,TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
4. Whichdofdthedfollowingdcandremovedproteinsdattacheddtodthedcell’sdbilayerdbyddissolvingdthedl
ayerditself?
a. Peripheraldmembranedproteins
b. Integraldmembranedproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celldadhesiondmolecules
ANS:d B
Proteinsddirectlydattacheddtodthedmembranedbilayerdcandbedremoveddbydthedactiondofdintegraldme
mbranedproteinsdthatddissolvedthedbilayer.dPeripheraldmembranedproteinsdresidedatdthedsurfaced
whiledcelldadhesiondmoleculesdaredondthedoutsidedofdthedmembrane.dGlycoproteindmarksdcellsda
ndddoesdnotd float.
REF:d p.d7
5. Whichdofdthedfollowingdcandbinddtodplasmadmembranedreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicdlipids
d. Ligands
ANS:d D
Ligandsdaredthedonlydspecificdmoleculesdthatdcandbinddwithdreceptorsdondthedcelldmembrane.
REF:d p.d9
6. Adnursedisdreviewingdadreportdfromdadpatientdwithdmetastaticdcancer.dWhatdalternationdindthede
xtracellulardmatrixdwoulddsuN RrtdS
ppoU IdN
dth G
iagnBo.
edddT siC
sdofM
metastaticdcancer?
a. Decreaseddfibronectin
b. Increaseddcollagen
c. Decreaseddelastin
d. Increaseddglycoproteins
ANS:d A
Onlydadreduceddamountdofdfibronectindisdfounddindsomedtypesdofdcancerousdcells,dallowingdt
hemdtodtraveldordmetastasize.
REF:d p.d10
7. Whichdformdofdcelldcommunicationdisduseddtodrelatedtodotherdcellsdinddirectdphysicaldcontact?
a. Celldjunction
b. Gapdjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tightdjunction
ANS:d A
Celldjunctionsdholddcellsdtogetherdanddpermitdmoleculesdtodpassdfromdcelldtodcell.
Gapdjunctionsdallowdfordcellulardcommunicationdbetweendcells.dNeitherddesmosomesdnordtightdj
unctionsdaredassociateddwithdcellulardcommunication.
REF:d p.d11
,TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
8. Pancreaticdbetadcellsdsecretedinsulin,dwhichdinhibitsdsecretiondofdglucagondfromdneighboringda
lphadcells.dThisdactiondisdandexampledofdwhichdofdthedfollowingdsignalingdtypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:d A
Paracrinedsignalingdinvolvesdthedreleasedofdlocaldchemicaldmediatorsdthatdaredquicklydtakendup,dd
estroyed,dordimmobilized,dasdindthedcasedofdinsulindanddthedinhibitiondofdthedsecretiondofdglucago
n.dNonedofdthedotherdoptionsdinvolvedsignalingdthatdisdassociateddwithdadlocaldchemicaldmediatord
likedinsulin.
REF:d p.d12
9. Indcellulardmetabolism,deachdenzymedhasdadhighdaffinitydforda:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:d B
Eachdenzymedhasdadhighdaffinitydfordadsubstrate,dadspecificdsubstancedconverteddtodadproductdofdt
hedreaction.dCellulardmetabolismdisdnotddependentdondandattractiondbetweendandenzymedanddanyd
ofdthedremainingdoptions.
REF:d p.d16
10. Andathletedrunsdadmarathon,dafterdwhichdhisdmusclesdfeeldfatigueddanddunabledtodcontract.dThedat
hletedasksdthednursedwhydthisdhappened.dThednurse’sdresponsedisdbaseddondthedknowledgedthatdthe
dproblemdisdresultdofdaddeficiencydof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:d C
WhendATPdisddeficient,dimpaireddmuscledcontractiondresults.dNonedofdthedotherdoptionsdaredi
nvolveddindmuscledcontraction.
REF:d p.d16
11. WhichdphasedofdcatabolismdproducesdthedmostdATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citricdaciddcycle
ANS:d D
WhiledsomedATPdisdproduceddduringdthedoxidationdanddglycolysisdphases,dmostdofdthedATPdis
, TESTdBANKdFORdUNDERSTANDINGdPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
d d d d d d d
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
generateddduringdthedcitricdaciddcycle.dDigestionddoesdnotdproducedanydATP.
