ORPEDIC NURSE CERTIFICATION: AN A+ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PLAYBOOK
Osteochondritis dissecans
-Fragment of cartilage and underlying bone is
detached from articular surface.
-Tx: resting (6 weeks) and immobilization, NSAIDs or analgesics, PT, Surgery if conservative
treatment unsuccessful
Little Leagures Elbow
-Tendonitis of the elbow
-Pain and or knot in elbow, locking and decreased ROM
-Tx: RICE and PT
Burner or stinger
Pinched nerve from stretch or compression to brachial plexus
Osgood-Schlatter disease
-Inflammation or irritation of the tibia at its point of attachment with the patellar tendon
-Self-limiting upon skeletal maturity
Shoulder dislocation treatment
Closed reduction followed by immobilization. PT to strengthen surrounding musculature
Osteoporosis
loss of bone density
Osteoporosis risk factors
->50 years old
-Women
-White or Asian
-Consumption of alcohol or caffeine
-Smoking
-Low BMI
-Steroids
-Excessive use of thyroid, heparin, sedatives, Antiseizure meds
-Decreased weight bearing activity
, -Decreased calcium intake
-Amenorrhea
Osteoporosis treatment
-Calcium 1200mg/day( Calcium carbonate: take with food, Calcium citrate)
-Vitamin D supplementation
-Weight-bearing exercise
-Bisphosphonates (Fosamax and Actonel)
-Calcitonin: Inject at night, alternate nasal site
-Fluoride
-Evista: Side effects are leg cramps, hot flashes and blood clots
-Forteo: Subcutaneous injection daily, side effects are leg cramps and dizziness
Bisphosphonates Considerations
-Fosamax, Boniva, Actonel, Reclast
-Take with full glass of water
-Take 30 min before food or other meds
-Remain upright for 30 min after taking
-Side effects: Anorexia, weight loss, Gastritis, Osteonecrosis of jaw
Osteoporosis Symptoms
-No symptoms until bone fracture occurs
-Decrease height
-Kyphosis
-Dowager's hump
-DEXA scan measures bone mineral density (BMD)
Dowager's hump
-Forward curvature of the spine resulting in a stoop, typically in women with osteoporosis,
caused by collapse of the front edges of the thoracic vertebrae.
Foods high in Calcium
-Milk
-Cheese
-Dark green veggies
-Dried figs
-Soy
-Legumes
Foods high in vitamin d
Fortified and full fat dairy products; fish oil; synthesized in skin when exposed to sunlight
ANSWERS PLAYBOOK
Osteochondritis dissecans
-Fragment of cartilage and underlying bone is
detached from articular surface.
-Tx: resting (6 weeks) and immobilization, NSAIDs or analgesics, PT, Surgery if conservative
treatment unsuccessful
Little Leagures Elbow
-Tendonitis of the elbow
-Pain and or knot in elbow, locking and decreased ROM
-Tx: RICE and PT
Burner or stinger
Pinched nerve from stretch or compression to brachial plexus
Osgood-Schlatter disease
-Inflammation or irritation of the tibia at its point of attachment with the patellar tendon
-Self-limiting upon skeletal maturity
Shoulder dislocation treatment
Closed reduction followed by immobilization. PT to strengthen surrounding musculature
Osteoporosis
loss of bone density
Osteoporosis risk factors
->50 years old
-Women
-White or Asian
-Consumption of alcohol or caffeine
-Smoking
-Low BMI
-Steroids
-Excessive use of thyroid, heparin, sedatives, Antiseizure meds
-Decreased weight bearing activity
, -Decreased calcium intake
-Amenorrhea
Osteoporosis treatment
-Calcium 1200mg/day( Calcium carbonate: take with food, Calcium citrate)
-Vitamin D supplementation
-Weight-bearing exercise
-Bisphosphonates (Fosamax and Actonel)
-Calcitonin: Inject at night, alternate nasal site
-Fluoride
-Evista: Side effects are leg cramps, hot flashes and blood clots
-Forteo: Subcutaneous injection daily, side effects are leg cramps and dizziness
Bisphosphonates Considerations
-Fosamax, Boniva, Actonel, Reclast
-Take with full glass of water
-Take 30 min before food or other meds
-Remain upright for 30 min after taking
-Side effects: Anorexia, weight loss, Gastritis, Osteonecrosis of jaw
Osteoporosis Symptoms
-No symptoms until bone fracture occurs
-Decrease height
-Kyphosis
-Dowager's hump
-DEXA scan measures bone mineral density (BMD)
Dowager's hump
-Forward curvature of the spine resulting in a stoop, typically in women with osteoporosis,
caused by collapse of the front edges of the thoracic vertebrae.
Foods high in Calcium
-Milk
-Cheese
-Dark green veggies
-Dried figs
-Soy
-Legumes
Foods high in vitamin d
Fortified and full fat dairy products; fish oil; synthesized in skin when exposed to sunlight
