MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM: LATEST A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM: LATEST A+ QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
transcription
the step in which the DNA of a gene is copied into mRNA
translation
a sequence of amino acids is assembled following the directions encoded in the sequence of the
messenger RNA
nucleotides
the molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA; A, T, C, G, (and U in RNA)
amino acids
the molecular building blocks of proteins
ribosome
where translation happens; information in mRNA used to construct a specific amino acid
sequence
nucleus
organelle where DNA is stored in a eukaryotic cell
anticodon
3 nucleotide sequence on tRNA; matches the mRNA codon
mRNA
the single-stranded copy of the DNA that can leave the nucleus; created through transcription
tRNA
the molecule that bring the amino acid to the ribosome; matches the codon on the mRNA
codon
a three nucleotide sequence in the DNA (and mRNA) that codes for an amino acid
triplet code
how nucleotide sequence encodes the instructions to make proteins; each combination of 3
nucleotides corresponds to a single amino acid
mutation