AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
Frederick Griffith
used pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria to discover transformation
transformation
Process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of
bacteria
Oswald Avery
tested the ability of inactivated DNA, RNA, and protein to transform live nonpathogenic
bacteria
bacteriophages/phages
viruses that infect bacteria
Hershey and Chase
used radioactive sulfur (protein) and phosphorus (DNA) in viruses to trace which could
reprogram cells to make more phages
Erwin Chargaff
Chargaff's Rule: equivalences of A to T and C to G in DNA
Nitrogenous bases of DNA
thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine
purines
adenine and guanine, 2 rings
pyrimidines
thymine and cytosine, 1 ring
Nitrogenous bases held together by
hydrogen bonds
DNA nucleotide consists of
nitrogenous base, sugar deoxyribose, and phosphate group
double helix