MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM: LATEST A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM: LATEST A+ QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BREAKDOWN
Fred Griffith
- 1928
- injected mice with bacteria
- a transformation of the bacteria was caused by some substance -- genetic material
Oswald Avery
- 1944
- used enzymes to destroy protein and DNA in bacteria and injected mice to see if
transformation occurred
- DNA (not protein) is the genetic material
Hershey and Chase
- 1952
- radioactively labeled the proteins and DNA of a virus to see if transformation occurred
- DNA (not protein) is the genetic material
Chargaff
- early 1950's
- counted the amounts of each nitrogen base in different species
- Chargaff's rules: Adenine = Thymine Guanine = Cytosine (base pairing)
Rosalind
- early 1950's
- saw x-shaped pattern with x-ray diffraction
- DNA is a helix with 2 strands
Watson and Crick
- 1953
- created models using data from Chargaff and Franklin
- published article on DNA structure, credited with the discovery of the "double helix"
What is DNA?
a macromolecule (polymer) called a nucleic acid made up of subunits (monomers) called
nucleotides
What are the 3 components of a DNA nucleotide?