BIOB51 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain
constant over time.
What does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describe?
The frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remaining constant over time.
Requirement of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
No mutation, large population, no gene flow, no natural selection, mating random.
gene flow
movement of alleles from one population to another
genetic drift
A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance events rather than
natural selection.
founder effect
when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger
population, leading to reduced genetic variation and potentially different allele
frequencies in the new population.
bottleneck effect
A change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population
Pleiotropy
, Multiple phenotypic traits associated with single gene.
antagonist pleiotropy
Beneficial effects in one trait have deleterious effects in other trait
fixation
Which a specific allele (a variant of a gene) becomes the only genetic variant present
within a population at a particular gene locus, reaching a frequency of 100% among the
population members.
NFDS
Common phenotypes selected against; rare phenotypes are favored
dominance
Mask presence of recessive allele in heterozygotes
Additivity
Predicted by summing the number of copies present
Inbreeding coefficient
Quantify the probability that two alleles at a locus in an individual are identical by
descent from a common ancestor.
Fst
statistical measure in population genetics used to quantify genetic differentiation or
genetic distance between subpopulations
selection differential
Difference between the mean phenotype of the selected individuals for breeding and the
mean phenotype of the entire parental population
directional selection
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain
constant over time.
What does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describe?
The frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remaining constant over time.
Requirement of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
No mutation, large population, no gene flow, no natural selection, mating random.
gene flow
movement of alleles from one population to another
genetic drift
A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance events rather than
natural selection.
founder effect
when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger
population, leading to reduced genetic variation and potentially different allele
frequencies in the new population.
bottleneck effect
A change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population
Pleiotropy
, Multiple phenotypic traits associated with single gene.
antagonist pleiotropy
Beneficial effects in one trait have deleterious effects in other trait
fixation
Which a specific allele (a variant of a gene) becomes the only genetic variant present
within a population at a particular gene locus, reaching a frequency of 100% among the
population members.
NFDS
Common phenotypes selected against; rare phenotypes are favored
dominance
Mask presence of recessive allele in heterozygotes
Additivity
Predicted by summing the number of copies present
Inbreeding coefficient
Quantify the probability that two alleles at a locus in an individual are identical by
descent from a common ancestor.
Fst
statistical measure in population genetics used to quantify genetic differentiation or
genetic distance between subpopulations
selection differential
Difference between the mean phenotype of the selected individuals for breeding and the
mean phenotype of the entire parental population
directional selection
