,READING UNDERST
READING, m
ANDING AND APPLYI
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NG APPLYING
AND
Nursing
Research
Fifth Edition
m
James A. Fain,
Fai n, PhD, RN
m m RN, BC-ADM,
C ADM FAAN
m AANm m m m
AssociatemDea
Associate mDean for
mfor
mAcademi
mAcademic
c mAffai
mAffairs
rs m assachuse
mU
nUniversity
niversity mofmofmMa
m ttsmmsa
Medical
m husett
mSchool
m M
M of mNursing m cal mScho
o orthmsachuset
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rmduate m Schoo
mSchm tso m of ursing
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Wo m cester,mmMa
Mass etts
s
,F.mA.mDavismCompany m
1915mArchmStreet
Philadelphia,mPAm19103
m www.fadavis.com
Copyright m©m2017m by mF.mA.m DavismCompany
Copyright m ©m 2004,m 2009,m 2013m by m F.m A.m Davism Company.m Allm rights m reserved.m This
m book m is m protectedmbymcopyright.mNompart m ofmit mmay mbemreproduced,mstoredminmamretrie
valmsystem,morm transmittedminmany mformmor mby many mmeans,melectronic,mmechanical,mphoto
copying,mrecording,mor m otherwise,mwithout mwrittenmpermissionmfrommthempublisher.
Printedm inm them Unitedm Statesm ofm America
Last m digitm indicates m printm number:m 10m 9m 8m 7m 6m 5m 4m 3m 2m 1
Senior m Acquisitionsm Editor:m SusanmRhyner
Editorialm Assistant:m Seanm West
Designm andm Illustrationm Manager:m CarolynmO’Brien
Asmnew mscientificminformationmbecomesmavailablemthroughmbasicmandmclinicalmresearch,m re
commendedmtreatments mandmdrugmtherapiesmundergomchanges.mThemauthor(s)mandmpublish
er m havemdonemeverythingmpossiblemtommakemthismbookmaccurate,mup-to-
date,mandminmaccordmwithm acceptedmstandardsmatmthemtimemofmpublication.mThemauthor(s),m
editors,mandmpublishermaremnot m responsiblem for m errorsm orm omissions m orm form consequenc
esm fromm applicationm ofm them book,m andm makemnomwarranty,mexpressedmormimplied,minmre
gardmtomthemcontents mofmthembook.mAnympracticem describedminmthismbookmshouldmbemappli
edmby mthemreader minmaccordancemwithmprofessionalm standardsmofmcaremusedminmregardmto
mthemuniquemcircumstances mthatm maymapplym inmeachm situation.m Themreader mismadvisedmalw
aysmtomcheckmproductminformationm(packageminserts)mformchangesmandm new minformationmr
egardingmdosemandmcontraindicationsmbeforemadministeringmanymdrug.mCautionm ismespeciall
y murgedmwhenmusingmnew mor minfrequently morderedmdrugs.
Library mofmCongress mCataloging-in-
PublicationmDatam Names:mFain,mJamesmA.,m1953-
mauthor.
Title:m Reading,m understanding,m andm applyingm nursingm researchm /m Jamesm A.m Fain.
Other m titles:m Nursingm research
Description:mFifthmedition.m| mPhiladelphiam:mF.A.mDavismCompany,m[2017]m|mInclude
sm bibliographicalmreferencesmandmindex.
Identifiers:m LCCN m 2016058717m | m ISBN m 9780803660410
Subjects:m| mMESH:mNursingmResearch–
methods m| mResearchmDesignm Classification:m LCCm RT81.5m |m NLMm
WYm 20.5m | m DDCm 610.73072–
dc23m LCmrecordmavailablematmhttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016058717
Authorizationmtomphotocopymitemsmfor minternalmormpersonalmuse,mor mtheminternalmormpe
rsonalm usemofmspecificmclients,mismgrantedmby mF.mA.mDavismCompany mfor musers mregistere
dmwithmthem Copyrightm Clearancem Center m (CCC)m Transactionalm Reportingm Service,m pro
videdm thatm them feem ofm $.25m per m copy m ism paidm directlym tom CCC,m 222m Rosewoodm Dr
ive,m Danvers,m MAm 01923.m For
thosemorganizations mthatmhavembeenmgrantedmamphotocopy mlicensembymCCC,mamseparatemsyst
emmofm payment mhasmbeenmarranged.mThemfeemcodemformusersmofmthemTransactionalmReport
ingmServicemis:m 978-0-8036-6041-0/17m0m+m$.25.
, TomLindam an
dmour mchildren,
Lauren,m Jillian,m andm Timothy
READING, m
ANDING AND APPLYI
UNDERSTANDING, m m
NG APPLYING
AND
Nursing
Research
Fifth Edition
m
James A. Fain,
Fai n, PhD, RN
m m RN, BC-ADM,
C ADM FAAN
m AANm m m m
AssociatemDea
Associate mDean for
mfor
mAcademi
mAcademic
c mAffai
mAffairs
rs m assachuse
mU
nUniversity
niversity mofmofmMa
m ttsmmsa
Medical
m husett
mSchool
m M
M of mNursing m cal mScho
o orthmsachuset
Graduate
rmduate m Schoo
mSchm tso m of ursing
5l55mmLake
La mAvAve.e. m
N
Worcester,
Wo m cester,mmMa
Mass etts
s
,F.mA.mDavismCompany m
1915mArchmStreet
Philadelphia,mPAm19103
m www.fadavis.com
Copyright m©m2017m by mF.mA.m DavismCompany
Copyright m ©m 2004,m 2009,m 2013m by m F.m A.m Davism Company.m Allm rights m reserved.m This
m book m is m protectedmbymcopyright.mNompart m ofmit mmay mbemreproduced,mstoredminmamretrie
valmsystem,morm transmittedminmany mformmor mby many mmeans,melectronic,mmechanical,mphoto
copying,mrecording,mor m otherwise,mwithout mwrittenmpermissionmfrommthempublisher.
Printedm inm them Unitedm Statesm ofm America
Last m digitm indicates m printm number:m 10m 9m 8m 7m 6m 5m 4m 3m 2m 1
Senior m Acquisitionsm Editor:m SusanmRhyner
Editorialm Assistant:m Seanm West
Designm andm Illustrationm Manager:m CarolynmO’Brien
Asmnew mscientificminformationmbecomesmavailablemthroughmbasicmandmclinicalmresearch,m re
commendedmtreatments mandmdrugmtherapiesmundergomchanges.mThemauthor(s)mandmpublish
er m havemdonemeverythingmpossiblemtommakemthismbookmaccurate,mup-to-
date,mandminmaccordmwithm acceptedmstandardsmatmthemtimemofmpublication.mThemauthor(s),m
editors,mandmpublishermaremnot m responsiblem for m errorsm orm omissions m orm form consequenc
esm fromm applicationm ofm them book,m andm makemnomwarranty,mexpressedmormimplied,minmre
gardmtomthemcontents mofmthembook.mAnympracticem describedminmthismbookmshouldmbemappli
edmby mthemreader minmaccordancemwithmprofessionalm standardsmofmcaremusedminmregardmto
mthemuniquemcircumstances mthatm maymapplym inmeachm situation.m Themreader mismadvisedmalw
aysmtomcheckmproductminformationm(packageminserts)mformchangesmandm new minformationmr
egardingmdosemandmcontraindicationsmbeforemadministeringmanymdrug.mCautionm ismespeciall
y murgedmwhenmusingmnew mor minfrequently morderedmdrugs.
Library mofmCongress mCataloging-in-
PublicationmDatam Names:mFain,mJamesmA.,m1953-
mauthor.
Title:m Reading,m understanding,m andm applyingm nursingm researchm /m Jamesm A.m Fain.
Other m titles:m Nursingm research
Description:mFifthmedition.m| mPhiladelphiam:mF.A.mDavismCompany,m[2017]m|mInclude
sm bibliographicalmreferencesmandmindex.
Identifiers:m LCCN m 2016058717m | m ISBN m 9780803660410
Subjects:m| mMESH:mNursingmResearch–
methods m| mResearchmDesignm Classification:m LCCm RT81.5m |m NLMm
WYm 20.5m | m DDCm 610.73072–
dc23m LCmrecordmavailablematmhttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016058717
Authorizationmtomphotocopymitemsmfor minternalmormpersonalmuse,mor mtheminternalmormpe
rsonalm usemofmspecificmclients,mismgrantedmby mF.mA.mDavismCompany mfor musers mregistere
dmwithmthem Copyrightm Clearancem Center m (CCC)m Transactionalm Reportingm Service,m pro
videdm thatm them feem ofm $.25m per m copy m ism paidm directlym tom CCC,m 222m Rosewoodm Dr
ive,m Danvers,m MAm 01923.m For
thosemorganizations mthatmhavembeenmgrantedmamphotocopy mlicensembymCCC,mamseparatemsyst
emmofm payment mhasmbeenmarranged.mThemfeemcodemformusersmofmthemTransactionalmReport
ingmServicemis:m 978-0-8036-6041-0/17m0m+m$.25.
, TomLindam an
dmour mchildren,
Lauren,m Jillian,m andm Timothy
