NR 507 Renal
anatomy and physiology of the kidney - answer consists of 3 distinct areas:
-cortex (outer)
-medulla (middle)
-renal pelvis (inner)
*Located in posterior region of the
abdominal cavity behind peritoneum.
halaus - answer depression where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter and exit
the kidney
renal artery - answer blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
renal vein - answer blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the
heart (reabsorption)
renal medulla (of kidney) - answer inner portion of the kidney, called pyramids
renal columns - answerInward extensions of the cortex tissue separating the renal
pyramids.
nephron - answer-Functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a
glomerulus, renal tubule, and collecting
tubule.
- ultrafiltration unit for filtrate from the
glomerulus
glomerulus - answerA ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the
nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
Bownman's capsule - answercup shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus
tubule system - answerconsists of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted
tubule, loop of henle, and the collecting duct
Two capillary beds of the nephron - answerglomerulus and peritubular capillary bed
, Glomerular filtration part of Kidney Filtration - answerblood pressure forces water and
dissolved plasma components (glucose, ions, amino acids, urea, and creatinine =
"filtrate")
through the glomerulus & Bowman's
capsule into the renal tubule system
tubular reabsorption - answerselective return of water and solutes
(glucose, ions, amino acids, urea)
FROM the filtrate of the nephron
tubule system INTO the bloodstream
of the peritubular capillaries
nephron damage - answer1 thing that causes an increase in creatinine
-Will affect urine formation, the main
function of the nephrons, because of where
the nephrons are located (renal cortex).
ADH and aldosterone - answerWhat influences the amount of remainder of water and
ions are reabsorbed throughout the tubule system
tubular secretion - answer-movement of material (urea, NH3, H+, K+,
some Rx, misc chem) FROM the
bloodstream of the peritubular capillaries
INTO the filtrate of the nephron tubule
system
Tubular Excretion
final moves additional wastes and excess substances from the blood into the filtrate in
the nephron; mainly active transport
renal failure - answer-loss of kidney function resulting in its
inability to remove waste products from the
body and maintain electrolyte balance
-Elevated blood urea and creatinine levels
Proteinuria and Angiotensin II activity - answer-two factors that have consistently been
recognized to advance renal disease
proteinuria - answerthe presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine
anatomy and physiology of the kidney - answer consists of 3 distinct areas:
-cortex (outer)
-medulla (middle)
-renal pelvis (inner)
*Located in posterior region of the
abdominal cavity behind peritoneum.
halaus - answer depression where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter and exit
the kidney
renal artery - answer blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
renal vein - answer blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the
heart (reabsorption)
renal medulla (of kidney) - answer inner portion of the kidney, called pyramids
renal columns - answerInward extensions of the cortex tissue separating the renal
pyramids.
nephron - answer-Functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a
glomerulus, renal tubule, and collecting
tubule.
- ultrafiltration unit for filtrate from the
glomerulus
glomerulus - answerA ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the
nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
Bownman's capsule - answercup shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus
tubule system - answerconsists of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted
tubule, loop of henle, and the collecting duct
Two capillary beds of the nephron - answerglomerulus and peritubular capillary bed
, Glomerular filtration part of Kidney Filtration - answerblood pressure forces water and
dissolved plasma components (glucose, ions, amino acids, urea, and creatinine =
"filtrate")
through the glomerulus & Bowman's
capsule into the renal tubule system
tubular reabsorption - answerselective return of water and solutes
(glucose, ions, amino acids, urea)
FROM the filtrate of the nephron
tubule system INTO the bloodstream
of the peritubular capillaries
nephron damage - answer1 thing that causes an increase in creatinine
-Will affect urine formation, the main
function of the nephrons, because of where
the nephrons are located (renal cortex).
ADH and aldosterone - answerWhat influences the amount of remainder of water and
ions are reabsorbed throughout the tubule system
tubular secretion - answer-movement of material (urea, NH3, H+, K+,
some Rx, misc chem) FROM the
bloodstream of the peritubular capillaries
INTO the filtrate of the nephron tubule
system
Tubular Excretion
final moves additional wastes and excess substances from the blood into the filtrate in
the nephron; mainly active transport
renal failure - answer-loss of kidney function resulting in its
inability to remove waste products from the
body and maintain electrolyte balance
-Elevated blood urea and creatinine levels
Proteinuria and Angiotensin II activity - answer-two factors that have consistently been
recognized to advance renal disease
proteinuria - answerthe presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine
