Biochemistry (ACS) ACCURATE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS.
Two differences between prokaryotes and eukariotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Nucleus
(O for Eu, X for pro), Presence of memebrane bound organelles
Nucleiod - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Region of prokaryotic cells where DNA is located
instead of nucleus
Difference between plant cells and animal cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅plant cells
have chloroplast, chlorophyll, a cell wall, and a central vacuole, animal cells don't
Lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An organelle containing digestive enzymes
(hydrolytic enzymes) that does not exist in plants
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs
pH Equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅pH = -log[H+]
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Equation relating pH and
pKa, used to measure pH for buffer
pH = pKa + log [A-]/[HA]
pH 7.4 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Optimal environment for cells
pKa=pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅When [A-]=[HA], 50% ionized, 50% non-ionized
,pKa>pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protonated>deprotonated
pKa<pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protonated<deprotonated
pI (Isoelectric point) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the pH at which the net charge on an
amino acid (or protein) is zero
(pKa1 + pKa2) / 2
Degree of Ionization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ratio of ionized concentration to original
concentration
Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat (lipids) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3 Macromolecules
Monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of carbohydrate
Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of Protein
Glycerol + Free Fatty Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of lipids
Amino Acids' structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Central alpha carbon, Amino group
(NH2) on the left, Carboxyl group (COOH) on the right. Hydrogen attached to alpha carbon, and
R group attached to the same C to determine different amino acids
how to make polypeptide? What is the byproduct? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅peptide
bond b/t carboxyl end and amino end of another amino acid. Water is released
, Name all 20 amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine,
Isoleucine, Threonine, Serine, Cysteine, Methionine, Glutamine, Asparagine, Glutamic Acid,
Aspartic Acid, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan, Proline
Name the simplest amino acid, and what makes it the simplest? its characteristic? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Glycine, It has H in the R group, since there are 2 H attached to the alpha
carbon, it males the amino acid nonchiral
Threonine, Serine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Amino Acids containing Water
Cysteine, Methionine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Amino Acids containing Sulfur
Acidic (-charged) Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glutamic Acid, Aspartic Acid
Basic (+ charged) Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Lysine, Arginine
Polar Amino Acids and what makes them polar? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glutamine,
Asparagine, they contain amide group
Aromatic Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine,
Tryptophan
Proline - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Heterocyclic, Nonpolar, create ring with the N group
Nonpolar amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan,
alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine
Essential amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine,
Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Valine
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS.
Two differences between prokaryotes and eukariotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Nucleus
(O for Eu, X for pro), Presence of memebrane bound organelles
Nucleiod - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Region of prokaryotic cells where DNA is located
instead of nucleus
Difference between plant cells and animal cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅plant cells
have chloroplast, chlorophyll, a cell wall, and a central vacuole, animal cells don't
Lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An organelle containing digestive enzymes
(hydrolytic enzymes) that does not exist in plants
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs
pH Equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅pH = -log[H+]
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Equation relating pH and
pKa, used to measure pH for buffer
pH = pKa + log [A-]/[HA]
pH 7.4 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Optimal environment for cells
pKa=pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅When [A-]=[HA], 50% ionized, 50% non-ionized
,pKa>pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protonated>deprotonated
pKa<pH - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protonated<deprotonated
pI (Isoelectric point) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the pH at which the net charge on an
amino acid (or protein) is zero
(pKa1 + pKa2) / 2
Degree of Ionization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ratio of ionized concentration to original
concentration
Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat (lipids) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3 Macromolecules
Monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of carbohydrate
Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of Protein
Glycerol + Free Fatty Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monomer of lipids
Amino Acids' structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Central alpha carbon, Amino group
(NH2) on the left, Carboxyl group (COOH) on the right. Hydrogen attached to alpha carbon, and
R group attached to the same C to determine different amino acids
how to make polypeptide? What is the byproduct? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅peptide
bond b/t carboxyl end and amino end of another amino acid. Water is released
, Name all 20 amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine,
Isoleucine, Threonine, Serine, Cysteine, Methionine, Glutamine, Asparagine, Glutamic Acid,
Aspartic Acid, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan, Proline
Name the simplest amino acid, and what makes it the simplest? its characteristic? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Glycine, It has H in the R group, since there are 2 H attached to the alpha
carbon, it males the amino acid nonchiral
Threonine, Serine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Amino Acids containing Water
Cysteine, Methionine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Amino Acids containing Sulfur
Acidic (-charged) Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glutamic Acid, Aspartic Acid
Basic (+ charged) Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Lysine, Arginine
Polar Amino Acids and what makes them polar? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Glutamine,
Asparagine, they contain amide group
Aromatic Amino Acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine,
Tryptophan
Proline - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Heterocyclic, Nonpolar, create ring with the N group
Nonpolar amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan,
alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine
Essential amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Histidine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine,
Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Valine
