BIOC0001 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
Size of prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
1-2 microns vs 5-100 microns
Nucleus? Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Absent vs present
DNA in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Circular (single chromosome) vs linear (multiple chromosomes + proteins)
Cell division in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Binary fission vs mitosis/meiosis
Organelles? Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
No vs yes
Ribosomes in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
70S (50S + 30S) vs 80S (60S + 40S)
Different types of ploidy (4 types)
1. Euploidy - integral number of chromosome sets
2. Aneuploidy - not integral number of chromosome sets (e.g. trisomy)
,3. Allopolyploid - multiple sets of genomes, from 2 different organisms
4. Autopolyploid - multiple sets of own genome
Cellular function: plasma membrane
Controls movement of molecules in and out of the cell
Cell signalling
Cell adhesion
Cellular function: mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell and primary site of ATP synthesis
Has double membrane and own genome
Cellular function: lysosomes
Vesicles containing enzymes to destroy unwanted things in the cell
Cellular function: nuclear envelope
Double membrane with pores in it that surrounds the nucleus and regulates the
passage of macromolecules in and out
Cellular function: nucleolus
Site of ribosomal assembly and rRNA processing
Has no membrane and is located within the nucleus
Cellular function: nucleus
, Contains DNA genome and is the site of mRNA and tRNA synthesis
Has double membrane
Cellular function: SER
Synthesises fatty acids and phospholipids
Stores Ca2+
Cellular function: RER
Site of protein synthesis, glycosylation and folding
Has many ribosomes
Cellular function: Golgi complex
Sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles
Cellular function: secretory vesicles
Hold molecules destined for exocytosis and are transported to the plasma membrane
Cellular function: peroxisomes
Convert hydrogen peroxide to water
Cellular function: cytoskeletal fibres
Form networks made of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments that
support membranes, organise organelles and are a framework for transport
Cellular function: microvilli
Increase diffusion surface area
Cellular function: cell wall
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
Size of prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
1-2 microns vs 5-100 microns
Nucleus? Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Absent vs present
DNA in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Circular (single chromosome) vs linear (multiple chromosomes + proteins)
Cell division in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Binary fission vs mitosis/meiosis
Organelles? Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
No vs yes
Ribosomes in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
70S (50S + 30S) vs 80S (60S + 40S)
Different types of ploidy (4 types)
1. Euploidy - integral number of chromosome sets
2. Aneuploidy - not integral number of chromosome sets (e.g. trisomy)
,3. Allopolyploid - multiple sets of genomes, from 2 different organisms
4. Autopolyploid - multiple sets of own genome
Cellular function: plasma membrane
Controls movement of molecules in and out of the cell
Cell signalling
Cell adhesion
Cellular function: mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell and primary site of ATP synthesis
Has double membrane and own genome
Cellular function: lysosomes
Vesicles containing enzymes to destroy unwanted things in the cell
Cellular function: nuclear envelope
Double membrane with pores in it that surrounds the nucleus and regulates the
passage of macromolecules in and out
Cellular function: nucleolus
Site of ribosomal assembly and rRNA processing
Has no membrane and is located within the nucleus
Cellular function: nucleus
, Contains DNA genome and is the site of mRNA and tRNA synthesis
Has double membrane
Cellular function: SER
Synthesises fatty acids and phospholipids
Stores Ca2+
Cellular function: RER
Site of protein synthesis, glycosylation and folding
Has many ribosomes
Cellular function: Golgi complex
Sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles
Cellular function: secretory vesicles
Hold molecules destined for exocytosis and are transported to the plasma membrane
Cellular function: peroxisomes
Convert hydrogen peroxide to water
Cellular function: cytoskeletal fibres
Form networks made of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments that
support membranes, organise organelles and are a framework for transport
Cellular function: microvilli
Increase diffusion surface area
Cellular function: cell wall
