BIOC0001 OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what is the difference between oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level
phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and forms
ATP using the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
substrate level phosphorylation occurs in the cytoplasm and involves ATP being
syntheszised from the transfer of a phosphate group from a high energy substrate
molecule to an ADP
example of substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis
ADP to ATP from the transfer of phosphate group from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-
phosphoglycerate
example of substrate level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle
GDP to GTP from the transfer of phosphate group from succinyl (attached to coenzyme
A) to succinate (no CoA)
coenzymes used in oxidative phosphorylation
, NADH/FADH2
oxidised to NAD/FAD
state the difference in permeability between the outer and inner mitochondrial
membrane
outer: highly permeable
inner: highly IMpermeable
important in sustaining the proton gradient as without the inner membranes
impermeability protons would freely diffuse
what is the purpose of the malate aspartate shuttle and outline its importance
way of transferring electrons from NADH outside the mitochondria to NAD+ molecules
inside the inner mitochondrial membrane - important as the high impermeability of the
inner mitochondrial membrane doesn't allow the free diffusion of NADH/NAD+
what are the steps in the malate-aspartate shuttle
NADH is reduced to NAD+ by reducing oxaloacetate to malate - catalysed by cytosolic
malate dehydrogenase
malate is transported into the inner mitochondrial membrane
malate is then oxidised back to oxaloacetate, regenerating NADH from NAD+ -
catalysed by mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase
how many complexes are there in the electron transport chain
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what is the difference between oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level
phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and forms
ATP using the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
substrate level phosphorylation occurs in the cytoplasm and involves ATP being
syntheszised from the transfer of a phosphate group from a high energy substrate
molecule to an ADP
example of substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis
ADP to ATP from the transfer of phosphate group from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-
phosphoglycerate
example of substrate level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle
GDP to GTP from the transfer of phosphate group from succinyl (attached to coenzyme
A) to succinate (no CoA)
coenzymes used in oxidative phosphorylation
, NADH/FADH2
oxidised to NAD/FAD
state the difference in permeability between the outer and inner mitochondrial
membrane
outer: highly permeable
inner: highly IMpermeable
important in sustaining the proton gradient as without the inner membranes
impermeability protons would freely diffuse
what is the purpose of the malate aspartate shuttle and outline its importance
way of transferring electrons from NADH outside the mitochondria to NAD+ molecules
inside the inner mitochondrial membrane - important as the high impermeability of the
inner mitochondrial membrane doesn't allow the free diffusion of NADH/NAD+
what are the steps in the malate-aspartate shuttle
NADH is reduced to NAD+ by reducing oxaloacetate to malate - catalysed by cytosolic
malate dehydrogenase
malate is transported into the inner mitochondrial membrane
malate is then oxidised back to oxaloacetate, regenerating NADH from NAD+ -
catalysed by mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase
how many complexes are there in the electron transport chain
