BIOC0001 - PROTEIN EXPRESSION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE

BIOC0001 - PROTEIN EXPRESSION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE what are the components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes? prokaryotic ribosomes consist of a small 30S subunit and a large 50S subunit, while eukaryotic ribosomes consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit what is the function of the 5S ribosomal RNA piece? the 5S rRNA piece helps stabilise the ribosome's structure and facilitates the proper assembly of ribosomal units, ensuring accurate and efficient protein synthesis define the genetic code and its characteristics the genetic code refers to the codons/anticodons that determine the amino acids in a protein. degenerate means that one or more codon can code for the same amino acid. what are the stop codons? UAA, UAG, UGA what is the start codon? AUG (methionine) what is the wobble phenomenon? refers to the non-standard pairing of bases in the third position of the mRNA codon and the first position of the tRNA anticodon it allows a single tRNA to recognise more than one codon corresponding to a given amino acid, contributing to the efficiency of translation how does translation initiation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? in prokaryotes the ribosome binds to the mRNA near the shine-dalgarno sequence and translation starts at the initiator AUG. in eukaryotes, translation initiation occurs at the kozak sequence near the 5' capped end of the mRNA. What is the Shine-Dalgarno sequence? AGGA - A short conserved nucleotide sequence upstream of the AUG start codon that serves to align the mRNA on the bacterial small ribosomal subunit