BIOC0001 - NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE

BIOC0001 - NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE what is the initial packaging structure of DNA in eukaryotic cells? initial packaging structure of DNA is the DNA double helix wrapped around histone proteins to form nucleosomes what is the purpose of DNA packaging? DNA packaging helps DNA fit within the small size of a cell, aids in gene expression by regulating access to DNA, and provides security to minimise the likelihood of mutations what is chromatin? chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins, primarily histones, that forms the chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells what is the composition of chromatin? chromatin consists of DNA wrapped around histone proteins, forming nucleosomes, which are further condensed into chromatin fibres. what is the central dogma of molecular biology? the central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein, representing the process of gene expression what are the differences between DNA and RNA? DNA is a double-stranded molecule with deoxyribose sugar and the bases adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G), while RNA is typically single-stranded with ribose sugar and uracil (U) instead of thymine what is the role of nucleotides in nucleic acids? nucleotides are the monomeric units that make up nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA) and a phosphate group how are nucleotides linked together to form nucleic acids? nucleotides are linked together through phosphodiester bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of the adjacent nucleotide, forming a sugar-phosphate backbone what is the difference between purines and pyrimidines?