CPACC EXAM, LATEST GUIDE TO A+ : QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS FORMAT
Strengths of medical model
Addresses biological sources of disabilities, focuses effort on clinically curing disabilities
Weaknesses of the medical model
Disability is a problem for the individual, and places onus on individual to manage their
medical condition
Strengths of social model
Shows that barriers are not inevitable, society can change to accommodate.
Weakness of social model
Downplay embodied aspects of disabilities, and can create political strife
Economic model strengths
Recognizes limits on someone's earning power because of a disaiblity
Economic model weaknesses
Makes people with disabilities seem needy, and can create boundaries that are
unnecessary for getting support
Functional model strengths
Identifies limitations due to disability and tries to promote solutions to the limitations.
Very results driven. Avoids sociopolitical nuances
Weakness of functional model
Profit driven, sometimes not practical or useful, ignores sociopolitical nuances
Strengths of social identity model
Accepts disability completely, takes pride in it
Weakness of social identity model
Can create sense of exclusion, if you don't quite fit the requirements to be included in
the group
Strength of charity model
Encourages donations and volunteering
Weakness of charity model
Condescending, encourages pity and focuses on short term solutions
Disabilities included in vision
, Color Blindness, Blindness, Low vision
Solutions for colorblindness
Designing materials that don't rely on color, using filtered glasses/screen filters
Assistive technologies for blindness
screen readers, braille, white canes, service animals
Low vision definition
Impairs vision to point that corrective lenses can't restore full vision, impairment isn't
severe enough to be blindness. Corrected visual acuity of no better than 20/40 or 20/60.
Could need magnification, might experience low contrast/color deficiencies
Assistive Tech for Low Vision
Screen magnifiers, screen readers, increased contrast, larger size of mouse/ keyboard
Auditory disabilities
Deafness, HOH
Deafness definition
People born deaf might have sign language as their first language
Assistive Tech for Deafness
Hearing aids, cochlear implants, captions for videos, transcripts for video or audio, sign
language
Hard of hearing definition
One or more parts of ear has a problem that limits/interrupts how sound travels through
hearing system
Types of hearing loss
Conductive, sensorineural, mixed
Degrees of hearing loss
Severity by range in decibles
Configuration of hearing loss
Degree and pattern of hearing loss across frequencies
What impacts might HOH cause?
Delayed development of language, reduced academic achievement, social isolation, low
self-concept
CAPD
ANSWERS FORMAT
Strengths of medical model
Addresses biological sources of disabilities, focuses effort on clinically curing disabilities
Weaknesses of the medical model
Disability is a problem for the individual, and places onus on individual to manage their
medical condition
Strengths of social model
Shows that barriers are not inevitable, society can change to accommodate.
Weakness of social model
Downplay embodied aspects of disabilities, and can create political strife
Economic model strengths
Recognizes limits on someone's earning power because of a disaiblity
Economic model weaknesses
Makes people with disabilities seem needy, and can create boundaries that are
unnecessary for getting support
Functional model strengths
Identifies limitations due to disability and tries to promote solutions to the limitations.
Very results driven. Avoids sociopolitical nuances
Weakness of functional model
Profit driven, sometimes not practical or useful, ignores sociopolitical nuances
Strengths of social identity model
Accepts disability completely, takes pride in it
Weakness of social identity model
Can create sense of exclusion, if you don't quite fit the requirements to be included in
the group
Strength of charity model
Encourages donations and volunteering
Weakness of charity model
Condescending, encourages pity and focuses on short term solutions
Disabilities included in vision
, Color Blindness, Blindness, Low vision
Solutions for colorblindness
Designing materials that don't rely on color, using filtered glasses/screen filters
Assistive technologies for blindness
screen readers, braille, white canes, service animals
Low vision definition
Impairs vision to point that corrective lenses can't restore full vision, impairment isn't
severe enough to be blindness. Corrected visual acuity of no better than 20/40 or 20/60.
Could need magnification, might experience low contrast/color deficiencies
Assistive Tech for Low Vision
Screen magnifiers, screen readers, increased contrast, larger size of mouse/ keyboard
Auditory disabilities
Deafness, HOH
Deafness definition
People born deaf might have sign language as their first language
Assistive Tech for Deafness
Hearing aids, cochlear implants, captions for videos, transcripts for video or audio, sign
language
Hard of hearing definition
One or more parts of ear has a problem that limits/interrupts how sound travels through
hearing system
Types of hearing loss
Conductive, sensorineural, mixed
Degrees of hearing loss
Severity by range in decibles
Configuration of hearing loss
Degree and pattern of hearing loss across frequencies
What impacts might HOH cause?
Delayed development of language, reduced academic achievement, social isolation, low
self-concept
CAPD
