CPACC EXAM: DISABILITIES. LATEST GUIDE TO A+:
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FORMAT
Blue-cone monochromacy (BCM)
An inherited eye disease that causes severe color blindness, poor visual acuity,
nystagmus and photophobia due to the absence of functional red (L) and green (M)
cone photoreceptor cells in the retina
Cataracts
Grå starr. A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that leads to a decrease in
vision of the eye.
Aphasia/dysphasia
Impairment of language/language disorder, affecting the production and comprehension
of speech and the ability to read and write.
According to the National Aphasia Association definition,
"Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of
speech and the ability to read or write. Aphasia is always due to injury to the brain-most
commonly from a stroke, particularly in older individuals. There are various types of
aphasia. A person with aphasia may not be able to recognize words or understand what
is being said, be unable to speak or have difficulty saying what they mean, difficulty
forming sentences and omitting words.
Apraxia
A motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, which causes difficulty with motor
planning to perform tasks or movements. The nature of the damage determines the
disorder's severity, and the absence of sensory loss or paralysis helps to explain the
level of difficulty.
Dysarthria
, Physical issue, motor issue. Occurs due to brain damage. Muscles for speech
production are impaired, causing slurred speech, slow speech, mumbling, hoarse or
breathy voice. Poor articulation of phonemes.
.
Name all physical disabilities
Manual dexterity/fine motor control, ambulation, muscle fatigue, body size or shape
Cognitive disabilities
Intellectual disabilities, reading and dyslexia, math and computation, Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism spectrum disorders, Non-verbal Learning
Disability
Causes of blindness
Diabetes, macular degeneration, glaucoma, accidents or traumatic injuries to the eye,
stroke, retinitis pigmentosa
Glaucoma
Grön starr. A group of eye diseases that lead to damage of the optic nerve, which
transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. May cause vision loss if left
untreated. A major risk factor for glaucoma is increased pressure within the eye, known
as intraocular pressure (IOP).
Trichromacy
Normal colour vision, using all three cone cells. People with normal colour vision are
known as trichromats.
4 types of red-green color vision deficiency
Deuteranomaly, protanomaly, protanopia, deuteranopia.
2 types of blue-yellow color
Tritanomaly, tritanopia. Makes it hard to tell the difference between several different
color combinations.
Achromatopsia
A medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to five conditions, most notably
monochromacy.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FORMAT
Blue-cone monochromacy (BCM)
An inherited eye disease that causes severe color blindness, poor visual acuity,
nystagmus and photophobia due to the absence of functional red (L) and green (M)
cone photoreceptor cells in the retina
Cataracts
Grå starr. A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that leads to a decrease in
vision of the eye.
Aphasia/dysphasia
Impairment of language/language disorder, affecting the production and comprehension
of speech and the ability to read and write.
According to the National Aphasia Association definition,
"Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of
speech and the ability to read or write. Aphasia is always due to injury to the brain-most
commonly from a stroke, particularly in older individuals. There are various types of
aphasia. A person with aphasia may not be able to recognize words or understand what
is being said, be unable to speak or have difficulty saying what they mean, difficulty
forming sentences and omitting words.
Apraxia
A motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, which causes difficulty with motor
planning to perform tasks or movements. The nature of the damage determines the
disorder's severity, and the absence of sensory loss or paralysis helps to explain the
level of difficulty.
Dysarthria
, Physical issue, motor issue. Occurs due to brain damage. Muscles for speech
production are impaired, causing slurred speech, slow speech, mumbling, hoarse or
breathy voice. Poor articulation of phonemes.
.
Name all physical disabilities
Manual dexterity/fine motor control, ambulation, muscle fatigue, body size or shape
Cognitive disabilities
Intellectual disabilities, reading and dyslexia, math and computation, Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism spectrum disorders, Non-verbal Learning
Disability
Causes of blindness
Diabetes, macular degeneration, glaucoma, accidents or traumatic injuries to the eye,
stroke, retinitis pigmentosa
Glaucoma
Grön starr. A group of eye diseases that lead to damage of the optic nerve, which
transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. May cause vision loss if left
untreated. A major risk factor for glaucoma is increased pressure within the eye, known
as intraocular pressure (IOP).
Trichromacy
Normal colour vision, using all three cone cells. People with normal colour vision are
known as trichromats.
4 types of red-green color vision deficiency
Deuteranomaly, protanomaly, protanopia, deuteranopia.
2 types of blue-yellow color
Tritanomaly, tritanopia. Makes it hard to tell the difference between several different
color combinations.
Achromatopsia
A medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to five conditions, most notably
monochromacy.
