NSG223 EXAM 1 REVIEWED
STUDYGUIDE
p wave represents
atrial depolarization
pr segment length
0.12-.20 secs
qrs comlex represents
ventricular depolarization
elevation or depression may indicate MI
qrs length
<0.12 secs
ST segment represents
early repolarization of ventricles
QT interval represents
total ventricular activity
QT interval length
0.32-.40 secs
T wave represents
repolarization of ventricles
sinus bradycardia occurs when
the SA node generates an impulse at a slower rate than
normal
causes of sinus bradycardia
lower metabolic needs: sleep, athletic training
vagal stimulation: vomiting, suctioning, pooping
medications: ccb's, bb's, digoxin
Sinus bradycardia characteristic
,<60bpm
sinus bradycardia treatment short-term
IV atropine to increase HR
sinus bradycardia treatment
pacemaker
it gives the heart a flick of electricity to get it to beat within
normal limits
sinus tachycardia causes
excess caffeine
hypo/hypervolemia
acute blood loss
HF
Stress
Anxiety
pain
fever
medical management for sinus tachycardia
Treat cause
metropolol
diltiazem
digoxin
sinus arrhythmia
irregular rhythm
sinus arrhythmia characteristics
heart rate is increased with inspiration and decreased with
expiration
rhythm: irregular
premature atrial complex
a single ecg complex that occurs when an electrical
impulse starts in the atrium BEFORE the next normal
impulse from the sinus node (assoicated w/ sinus tachy)
, premature atrial complex rhythm
irregular
causes of premature atrial complex
caffeine
alcohol
nicotine
anxiety
hypokalemia
hypervolemia
atrial flutter (F)
no p waves
f waves present
way too many squeezes
causes of atrial flutter
CHF
heart surgery
s/s of atrial flutter (CHF s/s)
chest pain
sob
hypotension
medical management of atrial flutter
diltiazem or digoxin - antiarrhythmics
metoprolol - slow HR
atrial fibrillation complications
clots =
stroke, DVT, PE
Atrial fibrillation risk factors
65 yo +
Hypertension
Smoking
DM
STUDYGUIDE
p wave represents
atrial depolarization
pr segment length
0.12-.20 secs
qrs comlex represents
ventricular depolarization
elevation or depression may indicate MI
qrs length
<0.12 secs
ST segment represents
early repolarization of ventricles
QT interval represents
total ventricular activity
QT interval length
0.32-.40 secs
T wave represents
repolarization of ventricles
sinus bradycardia occurs when
the SA node generates an impulse at a slower rate than
normal
causes of sinus bradycardia
lower metabolic needs: sleep, athletic training
vagal stimulation: vomiting, suctioning, pooping
medications: ccb's, bb's, digoxin
Sinus bradycardia characteristic
,<60bpm
sinus bradycardia treatment short-term
IV atropine to increase HR
sinus bradycardia treatment
pacemaker
it gives the heart a flick of electricity to get it to beat within
normal limits
sinus tachycardia causes
excess caffeine
hypo/hypervolemia
acute blood loss
HF
Stress
Anxiety
pain
fever
medical management for sinus tachycardia
Treat cause
metropolol
diltiazem
digoxin
sinus arrhythmia
irregular rhythm
sinus arrhythmia characteristics
heart rate is increased with inspiration and decreased with
expiration
rhythm: irregular
premature atrial complex
a single ecg complex that occurs when an electrical
impulse starts in the atrium BEFORE the next normal
impulse from the sinus node (assoicated w/ sinus tachy)
, premature atrial complex rhythm
irregular
causes of premature atrial complex
caffeine
alcohol
nicotine
anxiety
hypokalemia
hypervolemia
atrial flutter (F)
no p waves
f waves present
way too many squeezes
causes of atrial flutter
CHF
heart surgery
s/s of atrial flutter (CHF s/s)
chest pain
sob
hypotension
medical management of atrial flutter
diltiazem or digoxin - antiarrhythmics
metoprolol - slow HR
atrial fibrillation complications
clots =
stroke, DVT, PE
Atrial fibrillation risk factors
65 yo +
Hypertension
Smoking
DM
