NSG223 EXAM 2 100% REVIEWED STUDYGUIDE

NSG223 EXAM 2 100% REVIEWED
STUDYGUIDE


Penicillin G
-Therapeutic class: antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: penicilin
-Action/uses: disrupt cell wall; drug of choice against
streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci organisms that
do not produce penicillinase
-Complications: N/V/D; superinfection; ANAPHYLAXIS
-Contraindications: hypersensitivity in PCN class; severe
renal disease (BUN, CR, I&O)
-Interactions: DECREASE oral contraceptive
effectiveness; potassium-sparing diuretics=
HYPERKALEMIA (monitor lab values); amnioglycosides
-Nursing considerations: given IV due to need for oral
dose to be so large
Cefazolin
-Therapeutic class: Antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: First generation cephalosporin
-Actions/uses: act by attaching to penicillin-binding
proteins to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis; susceptible
gram-positive organisms; used fro infection prophylaxis
when undergoing surgical procedure
-Complications: rash, diarrhea, superinfection, seizures
(RARE)
-Contraindications: severe renal disease (BUN, CR, I&O)
-Interactions: Alcohol= disulfiram reaction! (VIOLENTLY

,ILL)
-Nursing considerations: Admin IM to prevent tissue injury,
do not consume alcohol, pregnancy category D
Tetracycline
-Therapeutic class: Antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: Tetracycline
-Actions/uses: effective against BROAD range of gram-
positive/negative organisms
-Complications: superinfection, N/V/D, epigastric burning,
discoloration of teeth, photosensitivity
-Contraindications: pregnancy, children <8yrs, severe
renal or hepatic impairment
-Interactions: milk products, iron supplements,
magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids decrease
absorption
-DECREASES oral contraceptive effectiveness
-Nursing considerations: PO- short half-life, give with full
glass of water, IM- painful!
Erythromycin
-Therapeutic class: antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: macrolide
-Actions/uses: inhibit protein synthesis, unable to tolerate
PCN, effective against most gram-positive bacteria
-Complications: N/V, abd cramping, hearing loss, vertigo,
dizziness, cardio toxic (HIGH DOSES)
-Interactions: anesthetics, anticonvulsants- TOXICITY,
St.John's wort DECREASES effectiveness
-Nursing considerations: inactivated in stomach acid; PO->
empty stomach w/ full glass of water; don't give with to
immediately before/after drinking juice
Gentamicin

, -Therapeutic class: antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: Amnioglycoside
-Actions/uses: broad spectrum, bactericide; serious
urinary, respiratory, nervous, or GI infections
-Complications: Rash, N/V, fatigue, ototoxicity,
nephrotoxicity
-Contraindications: amnioglycosides, impaired renal
function, pre-existing hearing loss
-Nursing considerations: only IM and IV drug solutions,
discard discolored solutions, withhold if serum level is 5-
10mcg/mL, narrow therapeutic index, pregnancy category
D
Ciprofloxacin
-Therapeutic class: Antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: fluoroquinolone
-Actions/uses: inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase; affects
bacterial replication and DNA repair; against gram-
negative
-Complications: N/V/D, photosensitivity, headache,
dizziness
-Interactions: antacids, ferrous sulfate, sucralfate->
decrease absorption
-Nursing considerations: May be administered with food to
diminish adverse GI effects; observe for pain, swelling, &
redness of achilles; pregnancy category D; BLACK BOX
WARNING: tendinitis & tendon rupture
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
-Therapeutic class: Antibacterial
-Pharmacologic class: Sulfonamide
-Actions/uses: UTIs, inhibit bacterial metabolism of folic
acid, synergistic