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Amine notes

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These notes cover amines in organic chemistry, focusing on their structure, basicity, preparation, and reactions. Key topics include: Structure & classification – primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) amines. Basicity of amines – explanation of Lewis base properties, effects of electron-donating (EDG) and electron-withdrawing groups (EWG). Preparation methods: -Reduction of nitro compounds (e.g., Fe/Sn + acid). -Reduction of nitriles and amides using LiAlH₄. -Nucleophilic substitution reactions (alkylation of amines). Reactions of amines – includes formation of sulfa drugs, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms, and bacterial growth inhibition.

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NH2


BP : 17 20 73
is <basic than

alky/ amine ↓ ↓ I
H-N -
CH3
H-N- CHs H, -N -
CH2
3 HB IHB OAB
I
It
I
c'Is
CH3

10 amine 20 Amine 30 Amine



Basicity
·
Amine =
Lewis bases

o -
NH2 :
weak base (able to share lone pair to acid)
·
↓PKn ,
4 base.



CAAAL
CHCNN)
EDG calcono , alkylamines EWG
CHalogen Carbonyl , nitrile
, , nitro )
CEN No

EDS & basicity ↓
basicity
· ·




Nu-
Substitu
Preparation - Reaction
↓ Red 1 N
-
u= c -
NH2
① Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compound ① w Carboxylic Acid (Nucl .

subst .

Uxth)
C
R
: j: R
R Hz + Pt
i 8
:



[Fe/
I I Il I
Sn + Acid Rc -
x + H -
N -

R
·

R -
c -
[ :
RC -



N -
R +
H
1. .
P :
1.Amine [NO2 - >
NHz] HNRz
t

(intermediatel
② Sulfonic (NSR)
NOnAP enE Acids
Gent N
R P



② Red · Of Nitrile Aromatic sulfonyl chloride- > Sulfa drugs

R :
2 H2
It bacterial growth)
Ini
p :
1 Amine [1H =
-C
,
H = -N)

-
RCEN # RCHINA ↓
+
2H2 ,

&

③ Red · of Amide


LiAl
M :




T
P :
/" ,
20
,
30 amine [ = 0
hilang ganti ,
it]

O




sir
11
LiAlH4
RCNH2 > RCH2NH2
H2 s


-mcm p-aminobenz Acid

-




Alkylation
- S




* of Amine by nucl .
Subst.


tanam ? R : Amine (Nut V bacteria growth
[alky Sw2 mechanism
*

/ nalide


It H
+




CHIN : + CHs-cl-> Transition - > CHINCHaCl
H State H



Nin CH3 ii)

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