2022 EMT FISDAP READINESS EXAM Questions and Answers ()

EMT FISDAP READINESS, FISDAP Readiness Exa
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m 2023 Updated Version Best Revision Material (Te
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Whatkiskthektermkusedktokdescribekthekamountkofkgaskinkairkorkdissolvedkinkfluid?kHowkiskthisk
relevantktokventilation?kHowkiskthiskrelevantktokrespiration?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk---------
--kPartialkpressurekofkgas,kmeasuredkinkmmHg.k

Whenklungskexpand,kpartialkpressurekofkairkisklesskthankthatkinkatmosphere.kAirkrusheskinkd
uringkventilation.

Inhalation
Inkoxygenkrichklungs,kPO2k>kPO2koxygenkpoorkblood.kO2kdiffuseskacrosskalveolikintokblood.
k




InkCO2krichkblood,kPCO2k>kPCO2kofklungsksokCO2kdiffuseskfromkbloodktoklungs,kandkthenki
skexhaledkout

Whatkdoeskitkmeankifksomeoneksaysktheykarek"keepingkthekairwayskpatent"?k----------
kCorrectkAnswerk-----------

kKeepingkairwaykpatentk=kmaintainingkopenkairwayksokairkcankenter/leaveklungskfreely




HowkiskregulationkofkbreathingkdifferentkinkthosekwithkCOPD?kWhatkdoeskresearchkindicatek
aboutkassistingkinkrespirationkwithkCOPDksufferers?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
kCOPDksuffererskhavekdifficultykremovingkCO2kfromkbody.kOvertime,krespiratorykcontrolkce

nterskinkbrainkadjustktokthisknewkbaselinekofkCO2.kInklatekstagekCOPDkhypoxickdrivekiskactiv
ated.kSomekresearchksuggestskthatkprovidingkhighkflowkO2kcouldknegativelykaffectkbody'skd
rivektokbreathe.

WhatkiskDyspnea?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------kShortnesskofkbreath

SignskandksymptomskofkHypoxia?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------kEarly
1.kRestlessness
2.kIrritability
3.kapprehension
4.ktachycardia
5.kanxiety

Late
1.kmentalkstatuskchanges
2.kweakk(thready)kpulse
3.kcyanosis
4.kDyspnea

,Cellularkrespirationk(Metabolism)?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
kCellsktakekenergykfromknutrientskthroughkserieskof kchemicalkprocesses.




Whatkiskthekdifferencekbetweenkexternalkandkinternalkrespiration?k----------
kCorrectkAnswerk-----------kExternalk-

kprocesskofkbreathingkfreshkairkintokrespiratoryksystemkandkexchangingkO2kandkCO2kbetwe

enkalveolikandkbloodkinkpulmonarykcapillaries

internalk-
kexchangekofkoxygenkandkCO2kbetweenksystemickcirculatoryksystemskandkcellskofkbody




WhatkarekthekcriticalkperiodskinkwhichkakcellkneedskO2?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------k0-
1kminute:kcardiackirritability
0-4kminute:kbrainkdamageknotklikely
4-6kminute:kbrainkdamagekpossible
6-10kminute:kbrainkdamageklikely
morekthank10:kirreversiblekbrainkdamage

Whatkiskintrapulmonarykshunting?kWhatkiskthekcausekofkit?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk----------
-
kIt'skwhenkbloodkentersklungskfromkrightksidekofkheartkbypasseskalveolikandkreturnktokleftksid

ekofkheartkinkunoxygenatedkstate.kCankbekcausedkbyknonfunctionalkalveolikduektokdiseases

Whatkfactorskcankleadktokhypoxiakduektokcirculatorykcompromise?k----------
kCorrectkAnswerk-----------k1.kobstructionkofkbloodkflowkduekto

a.kpulmonarykembolism
b.kpneumothorax
c.kheartkfailure
d.kcardiacktamponade

2.kDecreasedkabilitykofkbloodktokcarrykO2
a.kbloodkloss
b.kanemia
c.kshockk(vasodilatorykshock)

Whatkisklaboredkbreathing?kHowkdokyouktellksomeonekhaskit?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk------
-----kPtkwithkinadequatekbreathingkmaykappearktokbekworkingkhardktokbreathe.

Lookkforkusekofkaccessorykmuscleskwhichkareknotkusedkduringknormalkbreathing

WhatkarekCheyne-StokeskRespirations?kWhatkdoktheykindicate?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk--
---------
kIrregularkrespirationkwherekptkbreatheskw/kincreasingkrate/depthkthatkiskfollowedkbykapnea,k

followedkagainkbykperiodkofkincreasingkrate/depthkofkrespiration.

Cankoccurkinkpeoplekwithkstrokes/headktrauma

,Whatkarekataxickrespirations?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
kWhenkptkhaskirregularkineffectivekrespirationskthatkmaykorkmayknotkhavekidentifiablekpatter

n

WhatkarekKussmaulkrespirations?kWhatkdoktheykindicate?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk----------
-kDeep,krapidkrespirations

Seenkinkpt'skwithkmetabolickacidosis,korkthosekwithkdiabetes

Youkarrivekonkscenekwithkakptkthatkiskconsciouskbutkexperiencingkrespiratorykdistress.kWhat
karektwokdeviceskthatkcankassessktheirkrespiration?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------

k1.kPulsekoximetryk(measureskO2kboundktokhemoglobin)

2.kCapnographykdevicek(measureskendktidalkCO2)

Howkwouldkyoukusekakpulsekoximeter?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
k1.kcleankpt'skfinger,kandkremoveknailkpolishkaskneeded.kPlacekfingerkintokprobekandkturnkon.

2.kPalpatekradialkpulsektokensurekaccuracykandkcorrelationkw/kpulsekox

Normalkreadingkbetweenk98-
100.kLesskthank90%kptkrequiresktreatmentkunlesskchronickcondition.kOxygenkappliedkwhenk
SPO2kdropskbelowk94%

Whatkcankcausekankinaccuratekpulsekox?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
k1.kHypovolemia

2.kSeverekperipheralkvasoconstrictionk(chronickhypoxia,ksmokingkorkhypothermia)
3.kTimekdelaykinkdetectingkrespiratorykinsufficiency
4.kDark/metallicknailkpolish
5.kDirtykfingers
6.kCOkpoisoning

Youkencounterkankunconsciouskpt.kTheykhavekakpulsekbutkinadequatekbreathing.kWhatksho
uldkyoukdokifktheykareka)kfoundkinktheirkbedkorkb)kfoundkunderneathkaktree?k----------
kCorrectkAnswerk-----------

kYoukneedktokopenkthekairway.kIfkheadktraumakisksuspected,kusekakjawkthrust.kIfkheadktraum

akisknotksuspected,kusekakhead-tilt-chin-liftkmaneuver

Youkencounterkankunconsciouskpt.kTheykhavekakpulsekbutkinadequatekrespirations.kYoukop
enkthekairwaykandkfindkvomit.kWhatkshouldkyoukdo?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
kYoukshouldksuctionkthekptkusing




Howkdokyoukuseksuctionkequipment?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
kCankusekrigidk(Yankauer/tonsilktips)korknonrigidk(french/whistle-

tip).kUsekrigidkunlesskyoukareksuctioningkakstomakorksuctioningknose/liquidkatkbackkofkmouth
.kMakeksurektokmeasurekforkproperksize.kDon'tktouchkbackkofkthroat,kdon'tkwantktokactivatekg
agkreflex.kTurnkonktokatkleastk300kmmHg.kAttachkappropriatektubing.kSuctionkforknokmorekth

, ank15ksecondskforkadults,k10ksecondskforkchildren,kandk5ksecondskforkinfants.kRinsekwithkw
ater.

AsthmakSignskandkSymptoms?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
k1.kwheezingkonkinspiration/expiration

2.kBronchospasm

AnaphylaxiskSignskandkSymptoms?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
k1.kFlushedkskin/hivesk(urticaria)

2.kGeneralizedkedema
3.khypotension
4.klaryngealkedemakw/kdyspnea
5.kwheezing/stridor

Mostkrxnskoccurkw/ink30kmins,kadministerkepikusingkepipen.kO2kalsokhelps

Bronchiolitisksignskandksymptoms?k----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------k1.kDyspnea
2.kwheezing
3.kCoughing
4.kfever
5.kdehydration
6.kTachypnea
7.kTachycardia

OftenkduektokRSVkinfection,kseverekbronchiolekinflammation.kOccurskmostkfrequentlykinkinf
ants,kespeciallykboys.kProvidekO2ktherapy,kallowkptktokremainkinkcomfortablekposition.kRea
ssesskfrequentlykandkbekpreparedktokmanagekairway/positivekpressurekventilation

BronchitiskSignskandkSymptomsk----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------
k1.kChronickcoughkw/ksputumkproduction

2.kWheezing
3.kcyanosis
4.kTachypnea

TypekofkCOPD,kcankbekduektoktobacco.kWhenkexcesskmucuskcreated.

CarbonkMonoxidekPoisoningk----------kCorrectkAnswerk-----------k1.kfluklikeksymptoms
2.kheadache
3.kdizziness
4.kfatigue
5.knausea
6k.kvomiting
7.kchestkpain

removekthemkfromkscene,kadministerkhighkflowko2kbyknonrebreathingkmask.kMaykneedkfullk
airwaykcontrolkw/kairwaykadjunctkandkbvmkventilation