Hesi Fundamentals Practice Test Evolve Practice Test latest update Question & Answers 2024.pdf

Fundamental HESI, Hesi Fundamentals, Hesi Fundamentals Practice Tes e e e e e e e


NIT 1: Foundations of Nursing Practice
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1. Which assessment data would provide the most accurate determination of p
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roper placement of a nasogastric tube?
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A) Aspirating gastric contents to assure a pH value of 4 or less. e e e e e e e e e e e


B) Hearing air pass in the stomach after injecting air into the tubing.
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C) Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted. e e e e e e e e e


D) Checking the remaining length of tubing to ensure that the correct length w e e e e e e e e e e e e


as inserted.: C) Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted
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Both (A and B) are methods used to determine proper placement of the NG tubing. Ho
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wever, the best indicator that the tubing is properly placed is (C). (D) is not an indicato
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r of proper placement
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2. When assisting an 82-year- e e e


old client to ambulate, it is important for the nurse to realize that the center
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of gravity for an elderly person is the
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A) Arms.
B) Upper torso. e


C) Head.
D) Feet: B) Upper torso e e e




The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as the person grows older, a stoo
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ped posture is common because of the changes from osteoporosis and normal bone d
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egeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows flex. This stooped posture results in the
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upper torso (B) becoming the center of gravity for older persons.
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Although (A) is a part, or an extension of the upper torso, this is not the best and most
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complete answer. e


3. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement when donning st
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erile gloves? e




A) Maintain thumb at a ninety degree angle. e e e e e e


B) Hold hands with fingers down while gloving.
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C) Keep gloved hands above the elbows. e e e e e


D) Put the glove on the dominant hand first.: C) Keep gloved hands above the elb
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ows

Gloved hands held below waist level are considered unsterile (C). (A and B) are not e
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ssential to maintaining asepsis. While it may be helpful to put the glove on the domina
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nt hand first, it is not necessary to ensure asepsis (D).
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, Fundamental HESI, Hesi Fundamentals, Hesi Fundamentals Practice Tes e e e e e e e


NIT 1: Foundations of Nursing Practice
e e e e e

Studyeonlineeatehttps://quizlet.com/_3dquev
4. An adult male client with a history of hypertension tells the nurse that he is
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tired of taking antihypertensive medications and is going to try spiritual medi
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tation instead. What should be the nurse's first response?
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A) It is important that you continue your medication while learning to meditate.
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B) Spiritual meditation requires a time commitment of 15 to 20 minutes daily.
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C) Obtain your healthcare provider's permission before starting meditation.
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D) Complementary therapy and western medicine can be effective for you.: A) It i e e e e e e e e e e e e


s important that you continue your medication while learning to meditate
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The prolonged practice of meditation may lead to a reduced need for antihyper-
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etensive medications. However, the medications must be continued (A) while the phys
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iologic response to meditation is monitored. (B) is not as important as continuing the me
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dication. The healthcare provider should be informed, but permission is not required t
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o meditate (C). Although it is true that this complimentary therapy might be effective (D)
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, it is essential that the client continue with antihypertensive medications until the effect
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of meditation can be measured
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5. The nurse plans to obtain health assessment information from a primary s
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ource. Which option is a primary source for the completion of the health asse
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ssment?

A) Client.
B) Healthcare provider. e


C) A family member. e e


D) Previous medical records: A) Client e e e e




A primary source of information for a health assessment is the client (A). (B, C, and D)
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are considered secondary sources about the client's health history, but other details,
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such as subjective data, can only be provided directly from the client.
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6. The nurse is instructing a client with high cholesterol about diet and life styl
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e modification. What comment from the client indicates that the teaching has b
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een effective? e




A) If I exercise at least two times weekly for one hour, I will lower my choles-
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terol.
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B) I need to avoid eating proteins, including red meat.
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C) I will limit my intake of beef to 4 ounces per week.
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D) My blood level of low density lipoproteins needs to increase.: C) I will limit m
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y intake of beef to 4 ounces per week
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, Fundamental HESI, Hesi Fundamentals, Hesi Fundamentals Practice Tes e e e e e e e


NIT 1: Foundations of Nursing Practice
e e e e e

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Limiting saturated fat from animal food sources to no more than 4 ounces per week (
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C) is an important diet modification for lowering cholesterol. To be effective in reducing
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cholesterol, the client should exercise 30 minutes per day, or at least 4 to 6 times per
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week (A). Red meat and all proteins do not need to be eliminated (B) to lower cholest
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erol, but should be restricted to lean cuts of red meat and smaller portions (2-
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ounce servings). The low density lipoproteins (D) need to decrease rather than increa
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se
7. Examination of a client complaining of itching on his right arm reveals a rash e e e e e e e e e e e e e


made up of multiple flat areas of redness ranging from pinpoint to 0.5 cm in diam
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eter. How should the nurse record this finding?
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A) Multiple vesicular areas surrounded by redness, ranging in size from 1 mm to
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0.5 cm. e


B) Localized red rash comprised of flat areas, pinpoint to 0.5 cm in diameter.
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C) Several areas of red, papular lesions from pinpoint to 0.5 cm in size.
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D) Localized petechial areas, ranging in size from pinpoint to 0.5 cm in diam-
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eter.: B) Localized red rash comprised of flat areas, pinpoint to 0.5 cm in diameter
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Macules are localized flat skin discolorations less than 1 cm in diameter. However, w
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hen recording such a finding the nurse should describe the appearance (B) rather than
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esimply naming the condition. (A) identifies vesicles -- fluid filled blisters --
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ean incorrect description given the symptoms listed. (C) identifies papules -- solid ele-
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evated lesions, again not correctly identifying the symptoms. (D) identifies petechiae
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--
epinpoint red to purple skin discolorations that do not itch, again an incorrect identificat
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ion
8. A client who is 5' 5" tall and weighs 200 pounds is scheduled for surgery the
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next day. What question is most important for the nurse to include during the pr
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eoperative assessment? e




A) What is your daily calorie consumption?
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B) What vitamin and mineral supplements do you take?
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C) Do you feel that you are overweight?
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D) Will a clear liquid diet be okay after surgery?: A) What is your daily calorie co
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nsumption?

Vitamin and mineral supplements (B) may impact medications used during the op-
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erative period. (A and C) are appropriate questions for long-term dietary counseling.
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3e/e107

, Fundamental HESI, Hesi Fundamentals, Hesi Fundamentals Practice Tes e e e e e e e


NIT 1: Foundations of Nursing Practice
e e e e e

Studyeonlineeatehttps://quizlet.com/_3dquev
The nature of the surgery and anesthesia will determine the need for a clear liquid diet
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e(D), rather than the client's preference
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9. The nurse is performing nasotracheal suctioning. After suctioning the clien
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t's trachea for fifteen seconds, large amounts of thick yellow secretions return.
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What action should the nurse implement next?
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A) Encourage the client to cough to help loosen secretions. e e e e e e e e


B) Advise the client to increase the intake of oral fluids. e e e e e e e e e


C) Rotate the suction catheter to obtain any remaining secretions. e e e e e e e e


D) Re-oxygenate the client before attempting to suction again.: D) Re-oxy- e e e e e e e e e


genate the client before attempting to suction again
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Suctioning should not be continued for longer than ten to fifteen seconds, since the cl
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ient's oxygenation is compromised during this time (D). (A, B, and C) may be perform
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ed after the client is re-oxygenated and additional suctioning is performed.
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10. A hospitalized male client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings via a smal
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l-
bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. He reports that he had a bad bout of s
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evere coughing a few minutes ago, but feels fine now. What action is best for the
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enurse to take? e e




A) Record the coughing incident. No further action is required at this time.
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B) Stop the feeding, explain to the family why it is being stopped, and notify th
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e healthcare provider.
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C) After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn fro
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m the tube. e e


D) Inject 30 ml of air into the tube while auscultating the epigastrium for gurglin
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g.: C) After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tu
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be

Coughing, vomiting, and suctioning can precipitate displacement of the tip of the sma
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ll bore feeding tube upward into the esophagus, placing the client at increased risk for
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aspiration. Checking the sample of fluid withdrawn from the tube (after clearing the tu
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be with 30 ml of air) for acidic (stomach) or alkaline (intestine) values is a more sensitiv
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e method for these tubes, and the nurse should assess tube placement in this way prio
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r to taking any other action (C). (A and B) are not indicated. The auscultating method (D)
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has been found to be unreliable for small-bore feeding tubes.
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11. A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that sh
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e is nauseated.The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through
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