g
AMarketing Strat
g g
egy Planning Appr
g g
oach
,
, 18
EDITION
g
BasicMarketing
g g
g
A Marketing Strategy Planning Approach
g g
William D. Perreault, Jr., Ph.D.
g g g g
UNIVERSITYgOFgNORTHgCAROLINA
Joseph P. Cannon, Ph.D.
g g g
COLORADOgSTATEgUNIVERSITY
E. Jerome McCarthy, Ph.D.
g g g
MICHIGANgSTATEgUNIVERSITY
, BASICgMARKETING:gAgMARKETINGgSTRATEGYgPLANNINGgAPPROACH
PublishedgbygMcGraw-Hill/Irwin,gagbusinessgunitgofgThegMcGraw-
HillgCompanies,gInc.,g1221gAvenuegofgthegAmericas,gNewgYork,gNY,g10020.gCopyrightg©g2011,g2009,g2008,g
2005,g2002,g1999,g1996,g1993,g1990,g1987,
1984,g1981,g1978,g1975,g1971,g1968,g1964,g1960gbygThegMcGraw-HillgCompanies,gInc.gAllgrightsgreserved.
Nogpartgofgthisgpublicationgmaygbegreproducedgorgdistributedginganygformgorgbyganygmeans,gorgstoredginga
gdatabasegorgretrievalgsystem,gwithoutgthegpriorgwrittengconsentgofgThegMcGraw-
HillgCompanies,gInc.,gincluding,gbutgnotglimitedgto,ginganygnetworkgorgothergelectronicgstoragegorgtransm
ission,gorgbroadcast
forgdistanceglearning.
Somegancillaries,gincludinggelectronicgandgprintgcomponents,gmaygnotgbegavailablegtogcustomersgoutsideg
thegUnitedgStates.
Thisgbookgisgprintedgongacid-freegpaper.
1g2g3g4g5g6g7g8g9g0gDOW/DOWg1g0g9g8g7g6g5g4g3g2g1g0
ISBN 978-0-07-352995-0
MHID 0-07-352995-8
Vicegpresidentgandgeditor-in-chief:g BrentgGordon
Editorialgdirector:gPaulgDuchamgPu
blisher:g DouggHughesgExecutiveg
editor:g SankhagBasu
Directorgofgdevelopment:g AnngTorbertg
Coordinatinggeditor:g LingDavisgEditori
algcoordinator:gSeangM.gPankuch
Vicegpresidentgandgdirectorgofgmarketing:g RobingJ.gZwettler
Marketinggmanager:g KatiegMergen
Vicegpresidentgofgediting,gdesign,gandgproduction:g SeshagBolisetty
Leadgprojectgmanager:g ChristinegA.gVaughan
BuyergII:g DebragR.gSylvester
Interiorgdesigner:g LauriegJ.gEntringer
Seniorgphotogresearchgcoordinator:g JeremygCheshareck
Photogresearcher:g MikegHruby
Seniorgmediagprojectgmanager:g SusangLombardi
Covergdesign:g KeithgMcPhersongInteri
orgdesign:gMaureengMcCutcheongTypefa
ce:g10.5/12gGoudygCompositor:gApt
ara®,gInc.
Printer:gR.gR.gDonnelley
LibrarygofgCongressgCataloging-in-PublicationgData
Perreault,gWilliamgD.
Basicgmarketingg:gagmarketinggstrategygplanninggapproachg/gWilliamgD.gPerreault,gJos
ephgP.gCannon,gE.gJeromegMcCarthy.—18ged.
p.gcm.gInclud
esgindex.
ISBN-13:g978-0-07-352995-
0g(alk.gpaper)gISBN-10:g0-07-352995-
8g(alk.gpaper)
1.gMarketing—
Management.g I.gCannon,gJosephgP.,gPh.gD.g II.gMcCarthy,gE.gJeromeg(EdmundgJerome)gIII.g
Title.
HF5415.g13.M369g2011
658.8—dc22
2010032240