What is Plant Biotechnology?
The application of scientific method to manipulate living cells or organisms for practical
uses
It is a biological phenomenon for copying and manufacturing various kinds of useful
substances
It is a controlled use of biological agents such as micro-organisms or cellular components
for beneficial use
Historical Overview of Plant Biotechnology
Matthias Schlieden and Theodor Schwan proposed the concept of cell theory in the 19 th
century
Gottlieb Haberlandt, a German botanist proposed the plant tissue culture.
History
In 1981, scientists at Ohio university proposed the first transgenic animals by transferring
genes from other animals into mice
In 1980 genetic engineering was first used
Methods of Plant Biotechnology
Gene Transfer
Plasmids as Vectors
, Restriction Enzymes and DNA Ligase
Cloning
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Tissue Culture
Gene Transfer:
• It’s the insertion of unrelated genetic information in the form of DNA into cells
• Gene can be transferred between species through genetic engineering
• Genes can be transfer in two methods;
• Vector mediated gene transfer
• Direct gene transfer
• The result of gene transfer is called trans-genic organism
• Vector-mediated gene transfer is carried out by a factor called
-Agrobacterium-mediate transformation
-Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil-borne gram-negative bacterium
• There are mainly two species of agrobacterium:
-A tumefaciens that induces Crown gall disease
-A rhizogene that induces hairy root disease
• Tumefaciens is a phytopathogen and is treated as the nature's most effective plant
genetic engineer.
The application of scientific method to manipulate living cells or organisms for practical
uses
It is a biological phenomenon for copying and manufacturing various kinds of useful
substances
It is a controlled use of biological agents such as micro-organisms or cellular components
for beneficial use
Historical Overview of Plant Biotechnology
Matthias Schlieden and Theodor Schwan proposed the concept of cell theory in the 19 th
century
Gottlieb Haberlandt, a German botanist proposed the plant tissue culture.
History
In 1981, scientists at Ohio university proposed the first transgenic animals by transferring
genes from other animals into mice
In 1980 genetic engineering was first used
Methods of Plant Biotechnology
Gene Transfer
Plasmids as Vectors
, Restriction Enzymes and DNA Ligase
Cloning
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Tissue Culture
Gene Transfer:
• It’s the insertion of unrelated genetic information in the form of DNA into cells
• Gene can be transferred between species through genetic engineering
• Genes can be transfer in two methods;
• Vector mediated gene transfer
• Direct gene transfer
• The result of gene transfer is called trans-genic organism
• Vector-mediated gene transfer is carried out by a factor called
-Agrobacterium-mediate transformation
-Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil-borne gram-negative bacterium
• There are mainly two species of agrobacterium:
-A tumefaciens that induces Crown gall disease
-A rhizogene that induces hairy root disease
• Tumefaciens is a phytopathogen and is treated as the nature's most effective plant
genetic engineer.
