TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED ASSESSMENT INTERPRETING FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES 4th Edition, Mary Jo Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs

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TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED ASSESSMENT: INTERPRETING
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FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
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5TH EDITION, MARY JO GOOLSBY, LAURIE GRUBBS ISBN-
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10; 1719645930 / ISBN-13; 978-1719645935 A+
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Chapterk1.kAssessmentkandkClinicalkDecision-Making:kOverview


MultiplekChoice
Identifykthekchoicekthatkbestkcompleteskthekstatementkorkanswerskthekquestion.
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Whichktypekofkclinicalkdecision-makingkiskmostkreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
Whichkofkthekfollowingkiskfalse?kTokobtainkadequatekhistory,khealth-carekproviderskmustkbe:
A. Methodicalkandksystematic
B. Attentivektokthekpatient’skverbalkandknonverbalklanguage
C. Ablektokaccuratelykinterpretkthekpatient’skresponses
D. Adeptkatkreadingkintokthekpatient’skstatements
Essentialkpartskofkakhealthkhistorykincludekallkofkthekfollowingkexcept:
A. Chiefkcomplaint
B. Historykofkthekpresentkillness
C. Currentkvitalksigns
D. Allkofkthekabovekarekessentialkhistorykcomponents
Whichkofkthekfollowingkiskfalse?kWhilekperformingkthekphysicalkexamination,kthekexaminerkmustkb
ekablekto:
A. Differentiatekbetweenknormalkandkabnormalkfindings
B. Recallkknowledgekofkakrangekofkconditionskandktheirkassociatedksignskandksymptoms
C. Recognizekhowkcertainkconditionskaffectkthekresponsektokotherkconditions
D. Foreseekunpredictablekfindings


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Thekfollowingkiskthekleastkreliableksourcekofkinformationkforkdiagnostickstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedkinvestigations
B. Primarykreportskofkresearch
C. Estimationkbasedkonkakprovider’skexperience
D. Publishedkmeta-analyses
Thekfollowingkcankbekusedktokassistkinksoundkclinicalkdecision-making:
A. Algorithmkpublishedkinkakpeer-reviewedkjournalkarticle
B. Clinicalkpracticekguidelines
C. Evidence-basedkresearch
D. Allkofkthekabove
Ifkakdiagnostickstudykhaskhighksensitivity,kthiskindicateska:
A. Highkpercentagekofkpersonskwithkthekgivenkconditionkwillkhavekankabnormalkresult
B. Lowkpercentagekofkpersonskwithkthekgivenkconditionkwillkhavekankabnormalkresult
C. Lowklikelihoodkofknormalkresultkinkpersonskwithoutkakgivenkcondition
D. Nonekofkthekabove
k
k


Ifkakdiagnostickstudykhaskhighkspecificity,kthiskindicateska:
A. Lowkpercentagekofkhealthykindividualskwillkshowkaknormalkresult
B. Highkpercentagekofkhealthykindividualskwillkshowkaknormalkresult
C. Highkpercentagekofkindividualskwithkakdisorderkwillkshowkaknormalkresult
D. Lowkpercentagekofkindividualskwithkakdisorderkwillkshowkankabnormalkresult
Aklikelihoodkratiokabovek1kindicateskthatkakdiagnosticktestkshowingka:
A. Positivekresultkiskstronglykassociatedkwithkthekdisease
B. Negativekresultkiskstronglykassociatedkwithkabsencekofkthekdisease
C. Positivekresultkiskweaklykassociatedkwithkthekdisease
D. Negativekresultkiskweaklykassociatedkwithkabsencekofkthekdisease
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k kkk 10.kWhichkofkthekfollowingkclinicalkreasoningktoolskiskdefinedkaskevidence-
basedkresourcekbasedkonkmathematicalkmodelingktokexpressktheklikelihoodkofkakconditionkinkselectks
ituations,ksettings,kand/orkpatients?
A. Clinicalkpracticekguideline
B. Clinicalkdecisionkrule

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C. Clinicalkalgorithm
D. Clinicalkrecommendation
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AnswerkSection


MULTIPLEkCHOICE


1. ANS:kB
Croskerryk(2009)kdescribesktwokmajorktypeskofkclinicalkdiagnostickdecision-
making:kintuitivekandkanalytical.kIntuitivekdecision-makingk(similarktokAugenblinkkdecision-
making)kiskbasedkonkthekexperiencekandkintuitionkofkthekcliniciankandkisklesskreliablekandkpairedkwit
hkfairlykcommonkerrors.kInkcontrast,kanalyticalkdecision-
makingkiskbasedkonkcarefulkconsiderationkandkhaskgreaterkreliabilitykwithkrarekerrors.


PTS: 1
2. ANS:kD
Tokobtainkadequatekhistory,kproviderskmustkbekwellkorganized,kattentivektokthekpatient’skverbalkandk
nonverbalklanguage,kandkablektokaccuratelykinterpretkthekpatient’skresponsesktokquestions.kRatherkth
ankreadingkintokthekpatient’skstatements,ktheykclarifykanykareaskofkuncertainty.


PTS: 1
3. ANS:kC
Vitalksignskarekpartkofkthekphysicalkexaminationkportionkofkpatientkassessment,knotkpartkofkthekhealth
k history.


PTS: 1
4. ANS:kD
Whilekperformingkthekphysicalkexamination,kthekexaminerkmustkbekablektokdifferentiatekbetweenkno
rmalkandkabnormalkfindings,krecallkknowledgekofkakrangekofkconditions,kincludingktheirkassociatedks
ignskandksymptoms,krecognizekhowkcertainkconditionskaffectkthekresponsektokotherkconditions,kandk
distinguishkthekrelevancekofkvariedkabnormalkfindings.


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PTS: 1
5. ANS:kC
Sourceskforkdiagnostickstatisticskincludektextbooks,kprimarykreportskofkresearch,kandkpublishedkmet
a-
analyses.kAnotherksourcekofkstatistics,kthekonekthatkhaskbeenkmostkwidelykusedkandkavailablekforkapp
licationktokthekreasoningkprocess,kiskthekestimationkbasedkonkakprovider’skexperience,kalthoughkthes
ekarekrarelykaccurate.kOverkthekpastkdecade,kthekavailabilitykofkevidencekonkwhichktokbasekclinicalkre
asoningkiskimproving,kandktherekiskankincreasingkexpectationkthatkclinicalkreasoningkbekbasedkonksci
entifickevidence.kEvidence-
basedkstatisticskarekalsokincreasinglykbeingkusedktokdevelopkresourcesktokfacilitatekclinicalkdecision-
making.


PTS: 1
6. ANS:kD
Tokassistkinkclinicalkdecision-making,kaknumberkofkevidence-
basedkresourceskhavekbeenkdevelopedktokassistkthekclinician.kResources,ksuchkaskalgorithmskandkclin
icalkpracticekguidelines,kassistkinkclinicalkreasoningkwhenkproperlykapplied.
k


PTS: 1
7. ANS:kA
Theksensitivitykofkakdiagnostickstudykiskthekpercentagekofkindividualskwithkthektargetkconditionkwhok
showkankabnormal,korkpositive,kresult.kAkhighksensitivitykindicateskthatkakgreaterkpercentagekofkpers
onskwithkthekgivenkconditionkwillkhavekankabnormalkresult.


PTS: 1
8. ANS:kB
Thekspecificitykofkakdiagnostickstudykiskthekpercentagekofknormal,khealthykindividualskwhokhavekakn
ormalkresult.kThekgreaterkthekspecificity,kthekgreaterkthekpercentagekofkindividualskwhokwillkhavekne
gative,korknormal,kresultskifktheykdoknotkhavekthektargetkcondition.


PTS: 1
9. ANS:kA

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