Test Bank for Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 24th Edition by David L. Nelson.pdf

3/11/24,j2:13jPM TestjBankj-jLehningerjPrinciplesjofjBiochemistry,j7thjEditionj(Nelson,j2018)…

TestjBankj-jLehningerjPrinciplesjofjBiochemistry,j7thjEditionj(Nelson,j2018)




Chapterj1j-j j ThejFoundationsjofjBiochemistry

1. Injajbacterialjcell,jthejDNAjisjinjthe:

A) celljenvelope.
B) celljmembrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.

2. Ajmajorjchangejoccurringjinjthejevolutionjofjeukaryotesjfromjprokaryotesjwasjthej d
evelopmentjof:

A) DNA.
B) photosyntheticj capability.
C) plasmaj membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) thejnucleus.

3. Injeukaryotes,jthej nucleusjisjenclosedjbyjaj doublejmembranejcalledjthe:

A) celljmembrane.
B) nuclearjenvelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.

4. Thejdimensions jofjlivingjcellsjarejlimited,jonjthejlowerjendjbyjthejminimumjnumberjofj bi
omoleculesjnecessaryjforjfunction,jandjonjthejupperjendjbyjthejratejofjdiffusionjofj solutes
jsuchjasjoxygen.jExceptjforjhighlyjelongatedjcells,jtheyjusuallyjhavejlengths jandj diameter
sjinjthejrangejof:

A) 0.1jmjtoj10jm.
B) 0.3jmjtoj30jm.
C) 0.3jmjtoj100j m.
D) 1jmjtoj100j m.
E) 1jmjtoj300j m.

5. Whichjgroupjofjsingle-
celledjmicroorganismsjhasjmanyjmembersjfoundjgrowingjinj extremejenvironments?

A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) eukaryotes
D) heterotrophs
E) Nonejofjthejanswersjisjcorrect.



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TestjBankj-jLehningerjPrinciplesjofjBiochemistry,j7thjEditionj(Nelson,j2018)




6. ThejbacteriumjE.jcolijrequiresjsimplejorganicjmolecules jforjgrowthjandjenergy—
itjisj thereforeja:

A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.

7. Whichjisjajlistjofjorganelles?

A) mitochondria,j chromatin,j endoplasmicj reticulum
B) peroxisomes,j lysosomes,j plasmaj membrane
C) proteasomes,j peroxisomes,j lysosomes
D) mitochondria,j endoplasmicj reticulum,j peroxisomes
E) Alljofjthejanswersjarejcorrect.

8. Whichj listj hasj thejcellularjcomponentsjarrangedj injorderjofj INCREASINGjsize?

A) aminojacidj<jproteinj<jmitochondrionj<jribosome
B) aminojacidj<jproteinj<jribosomej<j mitochondrion
C) aminojacidj<jribosomej<j proteinj<j mitochondrion
D) proteinj<jaminojacidj<jmitochondrionj<jribosome
E) proteinj<j ribosomej<j mitochondrionj<jaminojacid

9. Thejthree-
dimensionaljstructurejofjmacromoleculesjisjformedjandjmaintainedjprimarilyj throughjno
ncovalentjinteractions.j WhichjonejofjthejfollowingjisjNOTjconsideredjaj noncovalentjint
eraction?

A) carbon-carbonj bonds
B) hydrogenjbonds
C) hydrophobicj interactions
D) ionicjinteractions
E) vanjderjWaalsjinteractions

10. WhichjelementjisjNOTjamongjthejfourj mostjabundantj injlivingj organisms?

A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorus




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TestjBankj-jLehningerjPrinciplesjofjBiochemistry,j7thjEditionj(Nelson,j2018)




11. Thejfourjcovalentjbondsjinjmethanej(CH4)jarejarrangedjaroundjcarbonjtojgivejwhichj g
eometry?

A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) trigonaljbipyramidal
D) trigonaljplanar
E) trigonaljpyramidal

12. Whatjfunctionalj groupsjarejpresentjonjthisjmolecule?




A) etherjandjaldehyde
B) hydroxyljandjaldehyde
C) hydroxyljandjcarboxylicj acid
D) hydroxyljandjester
E) hydroxyljandjketone

13. Thejmacromoleculesjthatjservejinjthejstoragejandjtransmissionjofjgeneticjinformationj a
re:

A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleicjacids.
E) proteins.

14. Stereoisomersjthatjarej nonsuperimposablej mirrorj imagesjofjeachjotherjarejknownjas:

A) anomers.
B) cis-transj isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometricj isomers.




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TestjBankj-jLehningerjPrinciplesjofjBiochemistry,j7thjEditionj(Nelson,j2018)




15. Thejcatalogjofjalljproteinsj functioningjinjajcelljisjthe:

A) metabolome.
B) proteasome.
C) lysosome.
D) proteome.
E) genome.

16. Usejthejtermsja)jchemoautotrophs,jb)jchemoheterotrophs,jc)jphotoautotrophs,jandjd)j p
hotoheterotrophs jandjidentifyjthejanswerjthatjCORRECTLYjfinishesjthejstatement:j C
arnivoresjarejj j j andjherbivoresjarejj j j .

A) b;jc
B) b;jd
C) b;jb
D) a;jb
E) a;ja

17. Thejenzymejfumarasejcatalyzesjthejreversiblejhydrationjofjfumaricjacidjtojl-
malate,jbutj itjwilljnotjcatalyzejthejhydrationjofjmaleicjacid,jthejcisjisomerjofjfumaricjacid.
j Thisjisj anjexamplejof:


A) biologicaljactivity.
B) chiraljactivity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.

18. Humansjmaintainjajnearlyjconstantjleveljofjhemoglobinjbyjcontinuallyjsynthesizingj a
ndjdegradingjit.j Thisjisjanjexamplejofja(n):

A) dynamicjsteadyjstate.
B) equilibriumj state.
C) exergonicjchange.
D) free-energyj change.
E) wastejofjenergy.

19. Ifjheatjenergyjisjabsorbedjbyjthejsystemjduringjajchemicaljreaction, jthejreactionjisjsaidj to
jbe:


A) atjequilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.




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