Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition - correct
answer Mrs. Gren
Movement - correct answer An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change
of position or place
Respiration - correct answer The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules
and release energy for metabolism
Sensitivity - correct answer The ability to defect or sense stimuli in the internal or external
environment and to make appropriate responses
Growth - correct answer A permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell
number or cell size or both
Excretion - correct answer Removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism
(chemical reactions in cells including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of
requirements
Nutrition - correct answer Taking in of materials for energy, growth and development; plants
require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions; animals need organic compounds and ions and
usually need water
Common ancestor - correct answer A species that lived long ago that is thought to be a distant
ancestor of two or more species living today
Organism - correct answer A living thing
Morphology - correct answer The overall form and shape of organisms' bodies, such as whether
they had legs or wings
Anatomy - correct answer The detailed body structure of an organism
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species - correct answer The classification
system
The binomial naming system - correct answer An internationally agreed system in which the
scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts showing the genus and species created
by Linnaeus
Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctista, Prokaryotes, (Viruses) - correct answer The kingdoms of
living organisms
Animals - correct answer Multicellular (their bodies contain many cells); cells have a nucleus,
but no cell walls or chloroplasts; feed on organic substances made by other living organisms
Plants - correct answer Multicellular; cells have a nucleus, cell walls made of cellulose and often
contain chloroplasts; feed by photosynthesis; may have roots, stems and leaves
,Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Fungi - correct answer Usually multicellular; have nuclei; have cell walls, not made of cellulose;
do not have chlorophyll; feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition
Protoctista - correct answer Multicellular or unicellular; cells have a nucleus; cells may or may
not have a cell wall and chloroplasts; some feed by photosynthesis and others feed on organic
substances made by other organisms
Prokaryotes - correct answer Often unicellular (single-celled); have no nucleus; have cell walls,
not made of cellulose; have no mitochondria
Viruses - correct answer Not considered a living thing because they cannot move, show
sensitivity, grow, reproduce, excrete or feed
Phylum Vertebrates, Phylum Invertebrates - correct answer Animal classification - Phylums
Phylum Vertebrates - correct answer Have backbones; Class Fish; Class Amphibians; Class
Reptiles; Class Birds; Class Mammals
Several pairs of jointed legs; exoskeleton; insects; crustacean; arachnids; myriapods - correct
answer Phylum Invertebrates
Class Fish - correct answer Vertebrates with scaly skin; have gills; have fins
Class Amphibians - correct answer Vertebrates with moist, scale-less skin; eggs laid in water,
larva (tadpole) lives in water; adult often lives on land; larva has gills; adult has lungs
Class Reptiles - correct answer Vertebrates with scaly skin; lay eggs with rubbery shells
Class Birds - correct answer Vertebrates with feathers; forelimbs have become wings; lay eggs
with hard shells; endothermic; have a beak; heart has four chambers
Class Mammals - correct answer Vertebrates with hair; have a placenta; young feed on milk
from mammary glands; endothermic; have a diaphragm; heart has four chambers; have
different types of teeth (incisors; canines; premolars and molars)
Insects - correct answer Arthropods with three pairs of jointed legs; two pairs of wings (one or
both may be vestigial); breathe through trachea; body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
Crustaceans - correct answer Arthropods with more than four pairs of jointed legs; not
millipedes or centipedes; breathe through gills
Arachnids - correct answer Arthropods with four pairs of jointed legs; breathe through gills
called book lungs
Myriapods - correct answer Body consists of many segments; each segment has jointed legs
Ferns and flowering plants - correct answer Plant classification
,Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Ferns - correct answer Plants with roots, stems and leaves; have leaves called fronds; do not
produce flowers; reproduce by spores
Flowering plants - correct answer Plants with roots, stems and leaves; reproduce sexually by
means flowers and seeds; seeds are produced inside the ovary, in the flower; divided into
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous (monocots and dicots)
Monocotyledonous plants (monocots) - correct answer Have only one cotyledon in their seeds;
have a branching root system; often have leaves in which the veins run parallel to one another
Dicotyledonous plants (dicots) - correct answer Have two cotyledons in their seeds; frequently
have a tap root system; leaves are often broader than monocots'; have a network of branching
veins
Light microscope - correct answer A microscope that uses light to produce images; can magnify
1500 times
Electron microscope - correct answer Uses beams of electrons; can magnify 500,000 times
Photomicrograph - correct answer A picture made using a microscope
Cell membrane - correct answer A very thin layer of protein and fat; controls what goes in and
out of the cell; partially permeable
Partially permeable - correct answer Lets some substances through but not others
Cell wall - correct answer In plants is made of cellulose; helps to protect and support the cell;
fully permeable
Fully permeable - correct answer Able to let most substances pass through
Cytoplasm - correct answer Jelly-like material found in cells; nearly all water; contains many
substances, especially proteins; where metabolic reactions take place
Vacuole - correct answer A space in a cell, surrounded by a membrane, and containing a
solution; in plant cells are very large and contain cell sap; in animal cells are much smaller called
vesicle
Cell sap - correct answer A solution of sugars and other substance inside the vacuole of a plant
cell
Vesicles - correct answer Hundreds of tiny vacuoles, each contain a chemical, called a
transmitter substance or neurotransmitter
Chloroplasts - correct answer An organelle found in some plant cells, which contains
chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place; in plant cells often contain starch grains
, Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Chlorophyll - correct answer A green, light-absorbing pigment found inside chloroplasts in plant
cells; used for making food for the plant by photosynthesis
Nucleus - correct answer Where the genetic information is stored, kept on chromosomes; helps
the cell to make the right sorts of proteins
Chromosome - correct answer A thread-like structure of DNA, made up of a string of genes;
very long and thin, cannot be seen using the electron microscope; when the cell divides,
becomes short and thick, and can be seen with a good light microscope
Mitochondrion (mitochondria) - correct answer The powerhouse of the cell; organelles in which
aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for use by the cell; found a lot in muscle cells
and sperm cells; found in all cells except prokaryotes
Ribosome - correct answer Tiny organelles where protein synthesis takes place; attached to the
rough endoplasmic reticulum; scattered freely in the cytoplasm; found in all types of cells
Micrometer - correct answer 1 m = 10^6 μm
Real size formula - correct answer Real size in μm = size of the image in μm / magnification
Tissue - correct answer A group of cells with similar structures, working together to perform a
shared function
Organ - correct answer A structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to perform
specific functions
Organ system - correct answer A group of organs with related functions, working together to
perform body functions
Diffusion - correct answer The net movement of molecules and ions from a region of their
higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as
a result of their random movement
Osmosis - correct answer The diffusion of water molecules from a region of higher water
potential (dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated solution), through
a partially permeable membrane
Animal cell in a hypotonic (dilute) solution - correct answer The cell swells as more and more
water enters. The cell membrane stretches until eventually the strain is too much, and the cell
bursts.
Animal cell in a hypertonic (concentrated) solution - correct answer The cytoplasm shrinks as
water goes out through the cell membrane. The cell shrivels up.
Plant cell in a hypotonic (dilute) solution - correct answer The cell becomes turgid and does not
burst because of their fully-permeable cell wall.
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition - correct
answer Mrs. Gren
Movement - correct answer An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change
of position or place
Respiration - correct answer The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules
and release energy for metabolism
Sensitivity - correct answer The ability to defect or sense stimuli in the internal or external
environment and to make appropriate responses
Growth - correct answer A permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell
number or cell size or both
Excretion - correct answer Removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism
(chemical reactions in cells including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of
requirements
Nutrition - correct answer Taking in of materials for energy, growth and development; plants
require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions; animals need organic compounds and ions and
usually need water
Common ancestor - correct answer A species that lived long ago that is thought to be a distant
ancestor of two or more species living today
Organism - correct answer A living thing
Morphology - correct answer The overall form and shape of organisms' bodies, such as whether
they had legs or wings
Anatomy - correct answer The detailed body structure of an organism
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species - correct answer The classification
system
The binomial naming system - correct answer An internationally agreed system in which the
scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts showing the genus and species created
by Linnaeus
Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctista, Prokaryotes, (Viruses) - correct answer The kingdoms of
living organisms
Animals - correct answer Multicellular (their bodies contain many cells); cells have a nucleus,
but no cell walls or chloroplasts; feed on organic substances made by other living organisms
Plants - correct answer Multicellular; cells have a nucleus, cell walls made of cellulose and often
contain chloroplasts; feed by photosynthesis; may have roots, stems and leaves
,Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Fungi - correct answer Usually multicellular; have nuclei; have cell walls, not made of cellulose;
do not have chlorophyll; feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition
Protoctista - correct answer Multicellular or unicellular; cells have a nucleus; cells may or may
not have a cell wall and chloroplasts; some feed by photosynthesis and others feed on organic
substances made by other organisms
Prokaryotes - correct answer Often unicellular (single-celled); have no nucleus; have cell walls,
not made of cellulose; have no mitochondria
Viruses - correct answer Not considered a living thing because they cannot move, show
sensitivity, grow, reproduce, excrete or feed
Phylum Vertebrates, Phylum Invertebrates - correct answer Animal classification - Phylums
Phylum Vertebrates - correct answer Have backbones; Class Fish; Class Amphibians; Class
Reptiles; Class Birds; Class Mammals
Several pairs of jointed legs; exoskeleton; insects; crustacean; arachnids; myriapods - correct
answer Phylum Invertebrates
Class Fish - correct answer Vertebrates with scaly skin; have gills; have fins
Class Amphibians - correct answer Vertebrates with moist, scale-less skin; eggs laid in water,
larva (tadpole) lives in water; adult often lives on land; larva has gills; adult has lungs
Class Reptiles - correct answer Vertebrates with scaly skin; lay eggs with rubbery shells
Class Birds - correct answer Vertebrates with feathers; forelimbs have become wings; lay eggs
with hard shells; endothermic; have a beak; heart has four chambers
Class Mammals - correct answer Vertebrates with hair; have a placenta; young feed on milk
from mammary glands; endothermic; have a diaphragm; heart has four chambers; have
different types of teeth (incisors; canines; premolars and molars)
Insects - correct answer Arthropods with three pairs of jointed legs; two pairs of wings (one or
both may be vestigial); breathe through trachea; body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
Crustaceans - correct answer Arthropods with more than four pairs of jointed legs; not
millipedes or centipedes; breathe through gills
Arachnids - correct answer Arthropods with four pairs of jointed legs; breathe through gills
called book lungs
Myriapods - correct answer Body consists of many segments; each segment has jointed legs
Ferns and flowering plants - correct answer Plant classification
,Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Ferns - correct answer Plants with roots, stems and leaves; have leaves called fronds; do not
produce flowers; reproduce by spores
Flowering plants - correct answer Plants with roots, stems and leaves; reproduce sexually by
means flowers and seeds; seeds are produced inside the ovary, in the flower; divided into
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous (monocots and dicots)
Monocotyledonous plants (monocots) - correct answer Have only one cotyledon in their seeds;
have a branching root system; often have leaves in which the veins run parallel to one another
Dicotyledonous plants (dicots) - correct answer Have two cotyledons in their seeds; frequently
have a tap root system; leaves are often broader than monocots'; have a network of branching
veins
Light microscope - correct answer A microscope that uses light to produce images; can magnify
1500 times
Electron microscope - correct answer Uses beams of electrons; can magnify 500,000 times
Photomicrograph - correct answer A picture made using a microscope
Cell membrane - correct answer A very thin layer of protein and fat; controls what goes in and
out of the cell; partially permeable
Partially permeable - correct answer Lets some substances through but not others
Cell wall - correct answer In plants is made of cellulose; helps to protect and support the cell;
fully permeable
Fully permeable - correct answer Able to let most substances pass through
Cytoplasm - correct answer Jelly-like material found in cells; nearly all water; contains many
substances, especially proteins; where metabolic reactions take place
Vacuole - correct answer A space in a cell, surrounded by a membrane, and containing a
solution; in plant cells are very large and contain cell sap; in animal cells are much smaller called
vesicle
Cell sap - correct answer A solution of sugars and other substance inside the vacuole of a plant
cell
Vesicles - correct answer Hundreds of tiny vacuoles, each contain a chemical, called a
transmitter substance or neurotransmitter
Chloroplasts - correct answer An organelle found in some plant cells, which contains
chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place; in plant cells often contain starch grains
, Cambridge IGCSE Biology 600+ questions with 100% verified answers
Chlorophyll - correct answer A green, light-absorbing pigment found inside chloroplasts in plant
cells; used for making food for the plant by photosynthesis
Nucleus - correct answer Where the genetic information is stored, kept on chromosomes; helps
the cell to make the right sorts of proteins
Chromosome - correct answer A thread-like structure of DNA, made up of a string of genes;
very long and thin, cannot be seen using the electron microscope; when the cell divides,
becomes short and thick, and can be seen with a good light microscope
Mitochondrion (mitochondria) - correct answer The powerhouse of the cell; organelles in which
aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for use by the cell; found a lot in muscle cells
and sperm cells; found in all cells except prokaryotes
Ribosome - correct answer Tiny organelles where protein synthesis takes place; attached to the
rough endoplasmic reticulum; scattered freely in the cytoplasm; found in all types of cells
Micrometer - correct answer 1 m = 10^6 μm
Real size formula - correct answer Real size in μm = size of the image in μm / magnification
Tissue - correct answer A group of cells with similar structures, working together to perform a
shared function
Organ - correct answer A structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to perform
specific functions
Organ system - correct answer A group of organs with related functions, working together to
perform body functions
Diffusion - correct answer The net movement of molecules and ions from a region of their
higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as
a result of their random movement
Osmosis - correct answer The diffusion of water molecules from a region of higher water
potential (dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated solution), through
a partially permeable membrane
Animal cell in a hypotonic (dilute) solution - correct answer The cell swells as more and more
water enters. The cell membrane stretches until eventually the strain is too much, and the cell
bursts.
Animal cell in a hypertonic (concentrated) solution - correct answer The cytoplasm shrinks as
water goes out through the cell membrane. The cell shrivels up.
Plant cell in a hypotonic (dilute) solution - correct answer The cell becomes turgid and does not
burst because of their fully-permeable cell wall.
